专题36短文填空考点1首字母填空（一）（2022·广东广州·中考真题）阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。答卷时，要求写出完整单词。DunbuangisahistoriccityinGansu.Inancienttimes,Dunhuangwasanimportantc___46___oftrade.AstheSilkRoaddeveloped,DunhuangbecameChina’swesterngatewaytotheworld.Here,differentculturesmetandinfluencedeachother.Peoplefromf___47___countriesdidbusinessandcommunicatedwiththelocalpeople.Ifyouv___48___Dunhuang,youwillbeabletoseetheMogaoCaves（莫高窟）.Ifyouwalki___49___,youwilldiscoversomeofthewonderfulartworks.Thereareover45,000squaremetresofbeautifulpaintingsonthecavewalls,aswellasthousandsofstatues.Overtheyears,ChinahasmadegreateffortstoprotecttheMogaoCaves.Today,youcanalsofindhigh-qualityphotosoftheartworksontheInternet.Peopleallovertheworldnowhaveac___50___toseeDunhuang’streasuresonline.【答案】46．(c)entre##(c)enter47．(f)oreign48．(v)isit49．(i)nside50．(c)hance【解析】【导语】本文讲述敦煌在古代是贸易中心，讲述在敦煌可以看到莫高窟和很多艺术作品，讲述现在人们可以在网上看到敦煌的财宝。46．句意：在古代，敦煌是一个重要的贸易中心。根据“an”可知用单数名词作表语。根据“AstheSilkRoaddeveloped,DunhuangbecameChina’swesterngatewaytotheworld”及首字母提示，可知，句子讲述敦煌古代是贸易中心，用名词“center”或“centre”。故填(c)entre/(c)enter。47．句意：外国的人和当地的人经商和交流。名词“countries”前用形容词修饰，根据“differentcultures”及首字母提示，可知句子表达外国的人，用形容词“foreign”。故填(f)oreign。48．---本文来源于网络，仅供参考，勿照抄，如有侵权请联系删除---句意：如果你参观敦煌，你能看到莫高窟。这是“if”引导的条件状语从句，遵循主将从现的原则，主句是一般将来时，从句是一般现在时表示将来。根据“youwillbeabletoseetheMogaoCaves”及首字母提示，可知句子表达参观敦煌，主语是“you”，动词用“visit”。故填(v)isit。49．句意：如果你走进去，你会发现一些完美的艺术作品。动词“walk”用副词修饰，根据“discoversomeofthewonderfulartworks”及首字母提示，可知句子表达走进去，用“walkinside”。故填(i)nside。50．句意：全世界的人现在有机会在网上看到敦煌的财宝。动词“have”后缺宾语，根据“a”可知是单数名词。根据“toseeDunhuang’streasuresonline”及首字母提示，可知句子表达有机会，用“haveachancetodo”。故填(c)hance。（二）（2022·湖北武汉·中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词，单词的第一个字母已给出。ErieGreenhasalwayswonderedaboutthingsthatliveintheocean.Whenhewasy____46____,helovedtoswim.Helikedtowatchallkindsofunderwateranimalsandplantsthroughhismask(潜水面罩).Whenhegrewup,hewantedtol____47____fornewthingsintheocean.Today,Mr.Greenisamarineecologist(海洋生态学家).Hestudieshowunderwateranimalsandplantsconnectwitheachotherandneedeachothertostaya____48____.Mr.Greenstudiescoralreefs(珊瑚)inthePacificOcean.Acoralreefislikeabigunderwatert____49____.Thousandsofanimalsandplantslivethere.Theycompeteforfoodandspacethere.Asaresult,thebeautifulcoralreefsgeti____50____easily.Mr.Greenalsostudieshowpeople’sactionscanchangecoralreefs.Sometimespeoplepollutethewateroroverfish,sothew____51____thatallthelivingthingsarejoinedtogetherhasbeenchanged.Ifcoralreefsgethurt,manyanimalshavetofindnewhomes.Someanimals’n____52____droplow,andsomeanimalsjustdisappear.Mr.Greenwantstop____53____thisfromhappening.Mr.Greenbelievesthatalllivingthingsinacoralreefshouldbek____54____safe.“Underwaterecosystemsarelikeairplanes,”Mr.Greens...