中国的律师制度（英）LawyerSystemThissystemgovernsthenature,mission,organization,operationalprinciplesoflawyers,aswellashowlawyersprovidelegalservices.Nature,MissionandStatus1.Nature2oftheLawyersLawofthePeople’sRepublicofChina,promulgatedonMay15,1996,defineslawyersasprofessionalswhohaveobtainedapracticinglicensethroughlegalmeanstoprovidelegalservices.LawyersareanimportantforcefortheconstructionofthelegalsysteminChina.3providesthatpracticinglawyersmustabidebytheConstitutionandlawsandadheretothecodeofethicsandprofessionaldisciplineforlawyers.Theymustusefactsasbasisandlawasyardstickforpracticing.2.MissionThemissionoflawyersistoachievetheobjectivespecifiedinstatelawsthroughthepracticeofla1oftheLawyersLawstatesthatthemissionoflawyersistomaintainthelawfulrightsandinterestsofthepartiestoasuitandmaintainproperimplementationoflaThesetwoobjectivesaremutuallycomplementarybecausethemaintenanceoflawfulrightsandinterestsisconsistentwiththemaintenanceoftherightimplementationofla3.StatusofLawyersChineselawyersplayanindependentroleinlawsuits.Theydonotbelongtocourtsorprocuratorates,nordotheybelongtotheirclients.Theyparticipateinlawsuitsinordertomaintainthelegalrightsandinterestsoftheirclients.Theyareindependent.Theyenjoynotonlyrightsofanordinaryparticipantinalawsuit,butalsorightscompatiblewiththeexerciseofthedutiesofalawyer.QualificationsforLicensingTopractice,lawyersmustfirstobtainprofessionalqualificationsandapplyforalicenseafterprobation.Afterobtainingqualifications,theymustreceivethelicenseforpracticinginaccordancewithlegalproceduresinordertopracticelawasalawyer.Onlythencantheyenjoytherightsoflawyerswhileassumingdutiesaccordingly.Individualswhohaveobtainedlegalqualificationsmayretaintheirqualificationsandnotengageinthelegalprofessionforaperiodoftime.Thisisknownasseparationoflegalqualificationsfromlegalpracticing.1.LegalQualifications6oftheLawyersLawprovidesthattherearetwowaysforobtaininglegalqualifications:throughnationalexaminationorapprovalbyjudicialauthorities.Accordingto6,Thestateshalladministeranationalexaminationtodeterminelawyerqualification.Personswithathree-yearcollegeeducationinlawandaboveorwithequivalentqualifications,aswellaspersonswithabachelor’sdegreeinotherdisciplinesandabove,canbeawardedlawyer’squalificationsbytheStateCounciljudicialadministrationafterpassingthenationalexamination.7providesthatpersonswithafour-yearcollegeeducationinlawandabovewhohaveengagedinlawstudiesandteachingandholdaseniorprofessionaltitleorwithequivalentqualificationsandwhohaveappliedforapracticinglicensemaybegrantedlawyer’squalificationssubjecttoapprovalbytheStateCounciljudicialauthorities.2.Licensinga）PrerequisitesforApplyingforPracticingLicense8oftheLawyersLawstatesthatapplicantsforapracticinglicensemustsupporttheConstitutionofthePeople’sRepublicofChinaandmeetthefollowingrequirements:Fullyqualified;Fullyearofinternshipatalawfirm;Beingoodstanding.b）RejectionofApplications9statesthatapplicantswhomeetanyofthefollowingconditionswillbedeniedapracticinglicense:Unabletoperformcivilactsorarerestrictedinperformingcivilacts;Havebeencriminallypenalized（butnotincludingcrimesofnegligence）;Havebeendismissedfrompublicofficesorhadtheirpracticinglicenserevoked.c）ProceduresforApplicationsApplicantsmustfirstsubmit,throughtheircurrentorfuturelawfirm,alltherequiredapplicationdocumentstothelocaljudicialaut...