主谓一致用法详解主谓一致是指英语句子中的主语和谓语在人称和数的方面要保持一致。这是高中英语中最基本的语法项目之一。本文对此加以详细归纳和总结:一、两个并列主语由and或both...and连接时,谓语动词常用复数形式。如:HeandIarestudents.(1)若and连接的两个主语指同一个人﹑同一件事或同一概念时,谓语动词则用单数。如:Theteacherandwriterismyfriend.(2)由and连接的并列单数主语前若分别有no,each,every或manya等词修饰时,谓语动词用单数。如:Noboyandnogirllikesit.二、谓语动词采用“就近一致原则”当句子主语为两个或多个时,谓语动词的形式与最靠近它的主语保持一致。(1)由either...or,neither...nor,notonly...butalso,not...but,or等词连接主语时,谓语动词的形式采取就近一致原则。如:NotyoubutIamtoanswerthequestion.(2)alotof,lotsof,plentyof,mostof,dozensof,scoresof,hundredsof等词后接名词作句子主语时,谓语动词的形式与靠近它的名词保持一致。如:Plentyofmoneyhasbeenwasted.MostofpeoplearefromAustralia.(3)There/herebe...句型中,谓语动词的形式与靠近它的主语保持一致。如:Thereisanappleandtwoorangesontheplate.(4)分数或百分数后接名词作句子主语时,谓语动词的形式与靠近它的主语保持一致。如:Morethan30percentofthesurfaceiscoveredbythewater.三、谓语动词采用“就前一致原则”当句子主语里含有如下短语接名词时,谓语动词的形式与前面的主语保持一致。aswellas,ratherthan,but,besides,except,like,including,with,togetherwith,alongwith,asmuchas,inadditionto。如:Ateacherwithsomestudentsisdoingexperimentsinthelab.He,likehistwobrothers,isveryclever.四、谓语动词只采用单数形式(1)表单数意义的不定代词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。如everything,everyone,everybody,nothing,nobody,something,someone,somebody,anything,anyone,anybody,either,neither,each,one,theother,another等。如:Everythingisready.(2)动名词﹑动词不定式或从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。如:Watchingafamilyofchimpswakeupisourfirstactivityoftheday.Towalkwithhimisapleasure.Whathesaysmakesmepuzzled.(3)manya接单数名词作主语或morethanone接单数名词作主语时,谓语用单数形式。如:Morethanonestudentstaysintheclassroom.(4)表示学科的名词作句子的主语时,谓语动词用单数。如:Physicsistaughtinmyschool.(5)当表示“时间﹑数目﹑距离﹑价格﹑金钱”的名词作主语时,谓语动词常用单数形式。(6)表示名称的专有名称作句子的主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。如:Beijingisthecapitalofourcountry.五、谓语动词用单数或复数要看主语所表达的意义。1.集体名词如class,family,team,group,government,audience,crowd,company,crew,public等作主语时:(1)若强调整体时,谓语动词形式用单数。如:Thegovernmentisplanningfurthercutsinincometax.(2)若强调组成该集体的分散个体时,谓语动词常用复数。如:ThegovernmentwerehavingameetingwhenIgotthere.(3)有些名词本身表示复数概念,谓语动词要用复数形式。如:Peoplearetalkingaboutthenews.2.表示成双成对的名词,如trousers,shoes,glasses,compasses等作主语时:(1)如这类词本身作主语,谓语动词用复数。Yourblacktrousersaretoolong.(2)若这类名词前有apairof/akindof/atypeof等修饰时,谓语动词用单数。Thispairofshoesismine.3.“定冠词+形容词或分词”作主语时:(1)若表示一类人时,谓语动词用复数。Theoldaretakengoodcareofinmycountry.(2)若表示一件事或一类抽象概念时,谓语动词用单数。Thebeautifulgivespleasuretoall.4.定语从句中关系代词在从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的数要与先行词的数保持一致。Thebuildingwhichstandsneartheriverisourschool.(1)当先行词为“oneof+名词复数”时,从句谓语动词用复数形式。Hewasoneoftheboyswhoweretoblame.(2)当先行词为“theonlyoneof+名词复数)”时,从句谓语动词用单数形式。Hewastheonlyoneoftheboyswhowastoblame.