湛江高桥红树林区虾类群落的时空变化第30卷第3期2010年6月广东海洋大学学报JoumalofGuangdongOceanUniversityV_ol-30NO.3Jun.2010湛江高桥红树林区虾类群落的时空变化叶宁,叶健欣,吴晓东2,林广旋2(I.广东海洋大学水产学院,广东湛江524025;2.广东湛江红树林国家级自然保护区管理局,广东湛江524088)摘要:研究2005—2008年广东省湛江市英罗湾高桥3个红树林区(红坎,两头流,西村)虾类群落的变化特征,并分析虾类群落组成与水质指标(盐度,pH)和沉积物指标(pH,可溶性盐,有机质,黏土,粉砂,砂砾)的相关性.结果表明:3个区域捕获虾类13596尾,属3科5属9种,刀额新对虾是高桥虾类的优势种;虾类种类年际变化较大,年间相似度平均为70.4,区域间相似度平均为6O.6;红坎虾类多样性较丰富,两头流虾类的优势种明显,各年优势度指数均达0.95以上;3个区域的主要生态因子年间差异不显着(P》0.05);红坎3个采样点的底质性状较复杂,其沉积物特性差异显着(尸《0.05),两头流和西村的底质性状较为单一,其沉积物特性均差异不显着(P》0.05).群落变化特征和沉积物性状有显着相关关系,表明高桥虾类的渔获量受人为因素影响,多样性和分布受环境影响.关键词:虾类资源;红树林;群落结构;生态因子;时空变化;湛江高桥:$932.51文献标志码:A:1673—9159(2010)03—0047—07TemporalandSpatialChangeofShrimpCommunityinMangroveForestinGaoqiao,Zhan激angYENing,YE激an—xin,WUXiao—dong,LINGuang—xuan2(1.FisheriesCollegeofGuangdongOceanUniversity,Zhan激ang524025,China;2.HeadOfficeofZhan激angMangroveNationalNatureReserve,Zhan激ang524088,China)Abstract:Shrimpcommunitieswereanalyzedinthreemangrovereserveareas(Hongkan,Liangtouliu,andXicun)inYingluoBay,Gaoqiao,Zhan激angCity,GuangdongProvinceinsummerfrom2005to2008,andthecorrelativitybetweenshrimpcommunitycompositionandthewaterquality(salinity,pH)and---本文来源于网络，仅供参考，勿照抄，如有侵权请联系删除---sedimentindicators(pH,solublesalts,organicmatter,clay,siltandgrave1)wereanalyzedaswel1.Theresultshowed,13596shrimpwerecaptured,belongingto3families,5gener~9species.TheMetapenaeusensiswasthedominantspeciesofshrimpinGaoqiaomangrove.Threeregionsvariedgreatlyinshrimpcaught,andsimilaritybetweentheregionalaverageswas60.6;similaritybetweenyearswas70.4onaverage.ShrimpwasinrichdiversityinHongkan,anddominantspeciesinLiangtouliuwereSOsignificantthatthedominanceindexreachedmorethan0.95from2005to2008.Thedifferenceofthemainecologicalfactorsfrom2005to2008inthreeregionswerenotsignificantrP》0.05).SedimentcharacteristicsofthreespotsinHongkanweresignificantlydifferent《0.05),suggestingthebosomcharacteristicsinthesesamplingsiteswerecomplex,whilethedifferencesofsedimentcharacteristicsinLiangtouliuXicunwerenotSOdistinct.suggestingtheboRomcharacteristicswererelativelysimplein收稿日期:2009—09.22基金项目:中荷合作雷州半岛红树林综合管理和沿海保护项目(IMMCP项目,中国2000.10赠款协议编号0510040);广东海洋大学团队项目“雷州半岛红树林保护和利用”(07112)第一作者:叶宁(1972一),男,实验师,主要从事虾蟹生物学,生态学教学与科研工作.48广东海洋大学学报第3o卷thesetwoareas.Diversitywassignificantlycorrelated,vithsedimentcharacteristics.CorrelativityanalysisresultsshowedthatshrimpspeciesinGaoqiaomangrovewereaffectedbyhumandisturbance,anddiversityanddistributionweresubjectedtoenvironmentalimpact.Keywords:Gaoqiaomangrove;ecologicalfactors;shrimpcommunity;temporalandspatialvariation高桥红树林属于湛江红树林国家级自然保护区一部分,其红树林面积达763.8hm,是国内最大连片红树林.红树林生态系统是海陆边缘湿地生态系统中的特殊类型,是世界上生产力最高的生态系统之一【l】.红树林的生物碎屑丰富,是许多海洋生物的栖息,繁育,...