汶川地震后部分极重灾区人群对心理社会支持需求【摘要】目的：了解汶川地震后部分极重灾区的受灾群众接受心理社会支持服务的情况及其需求，为灾后精神卫生和心理社会支持服务提供参考信息。方法：震后9个月，对138名来自北川县及安县的受灾群众，采用自编问卷结合访谈进行现场调查。结果：(1)74.6%的灾民希望得到心理帮助，51.4%听说过“心理”、“心理援助”或“心理干预”说法，但仅有34.1%实际接受过心理帮助。(2)接受过心理帮助者认为“帮助很大”的比例更高(23.4%vs.8.4%,P=0.002),灾民得到心理帮助的次数与其对心理帮助的印象呈负相关(r=-0.28,P=0.001)o(3)灾民认为最有用的心理帮助依次为交谈(27.7%)、提供心理支持(23.4%)、了解关心的问题和需要(17.0%)。(4)自从地震以来的9个月和最近的1个月，灾民报告对其心理造成影响的前4位问题为住房问题、失去亲人、生活经济问题和就业问题。结论：随着获得心理帮助次数的增多，灾民对心理帮助的印象评价趋向于更好；大部分受灾群众对心理社会支持服务的需求不能得到满足，有必要不断加强基层卫生服务工作者的能力建设，提高服务可及性。卫生部门之内和之外的各种心理社会支持措施应当相互加强且彼此促进，并能针对不同人群的特点和需求。---本文来源于网络，仅供参考，勿照抄，如有侵权请联系删除---【关键词】地震；心理社会支持；需求；现场调查：R749.5,B845.67文献标识码：A文章编号：1000-6729(2011)002-0107-06doi：10.3969/j.issn.1000-6729.2011.02.007Needsassessmentforthepsychosocialsupportattheseverely-affectedcountiesafterWenchuanearthquakeGUANLi-Li❷1,XIANGHu❷2,WUXia-Min❷1，MANing❷1,WUBao-Ming^l,CHENGWen-Hong❷3,MAHong❷1,XIAOZe-Ping❷3❷IPekingUniversityInsituteofMentalHealth,KeyLaboratoryofMiuistryofHeaIth(PekingUniversity),Bei激ng100191,China❷2SichuemMentalHealthCentre,Mianyang621000,SichuanProvince,China^3ShanghaiMentalHealthCentre,Shanghai200030,ChinaCorrespondingAuthor：MAHong,mahong@bjmu.省略；XIAOZe-Ping,xiaozeping@gmai1.com【Abstract]Objective：Tounderstandthepsychosocialsupportneedsbythesurvivalsattheseverely-affectedcountiesafterWenchuan---本文来源于网络，仅供参考，勿照抄，如有侵权请联系删除---earthquake’andtoprovidevaluableinformationforthementalhea1thandpsychosocialsupportservices・Methods：Ninemonthsaftertheearthquakesfieldsurveywasconductedto138survivalsinBeichuanandAnxianbyusingofself-formulatedquestionnaireandin~depthinterview・ResuIts：(1)74.6%ofthesurvivalswerewillingtoreceivepsychologicalsupport,51.4%hadheardabout'psychology"psychologicalassistance"orsychologicalintervention?・Merely34.1%hadreceivedpsychologicalsupportorassistance・(2)Survivalswhohadeverreceivedpsychologicalassistanceweremorelikelytothinkithelpedthemmuch(23.4%vs.8.4%,P=0.002).Therewasalowcorrelation(r=一0・28,P=0.001)betweenthenumberofsurvivalsreceivedpsychologicalassistanceandsurvivals'impressionuponpsychosocialsupport・(3)27.7%ofthesurvivalsthoughtthatcommunicationwasagoodwaytodohelp,andpsychologicalsupporting(23・4%)andunderstandingoftheirneedsandconcernedissues(17.0%)werealso---本文来源于网络，仅供参考，勿照抄，如有侵权请联系删除---useful.(4)Survivalsagreedthathousingproblems,losingfamilies,difficultieswitheconomicresourcesandproblemofemploymentservedasmajorissuesthatmightaffecttheirpsychologicalstatussincetheearthquakehappened・Conclusion：Bettersurvivals'impressiononpsychosocialsupportserviceisassociatedwithmoreofhavingreceivedassistance・Alargepartofpsychosocialsupportneedsbythevictimsarenotsatisfactorilymet.Itisneededtoimprovetheservicecapacityofbasiclevelhealthworkersandi...