基于线性规划法及盐分收支平衡盐渍化灌区农田灌排水量的研究#11212*5101520253035(1.内蒙古农业大学水利与建筑工程学院;2.巴彦淖尔市水利科学研究所)摘要:在河套灌区的引黄水量减少同时兼顾灌区的农业生产和土壤盐渍化向良性发展的形势下,该文把取水量及灌区Na盐收支平衡作为约束条件,以取水量最小、排水量最大、考虑(和不考虑)Na盐收支平衡下Na排出量最大四种情景作为目标函数,利用线性规划法对灌排水量方案进行优化分析。结果表明,研究区的取水量可从现状的35.6亿m3削减到25.19亿m3;排水量可从3.4亿m3增大到5.8亿m3;根据各区块取水量的优化分配,Na盐蓄积量可从14.49万t减少到1.13万t;排水量从现状的3.4亿m3增加到6.8亿m3时,Na盐排出量可从现状的14.49万t蓄积量达到4.48万t脱盐量。随着取水量的减少,采取衬砌及平整田块等措施降低灌溉水损失量,加大排水量及排盐量,保障灌区盐分收支平衡。排水量及Na盐排出量的多少,和从田间排水到排水沟的过水能力的保障有一定的关系。关键词:农田灌溉;灌排水量;线性规划法;淋盐用水量;Na盐收支平衡中图分类号:S274AStudyofIrrigationandDrainageAmountWaterBaseonLinearProgrammingmethodandSaltbalanceinSalinizationDistrictLIUXia1,WANGLiping1,ZHANGYiqiang2,ZHANGShengwWei1,XIAYuhong2(1.CollegeofWaterConservancyandCivilEngineering,AgriculturalUniversityofInnerMongolia,Hohhot,China010018;2.HydraulicResearchInstituteofInnerMongolia,Bayannaoer,China015000)Abstract:UnderthesituationofreduceingofdivertingwaterfromYellowRiver,consideringtheagriculturalproductionandtothehealthydevelopmengofsoilsalinizationinHetaoIrrigationDistrict.Inthisstudy,thewaterwithdrawalandsodiumbalanceasedge-restraintcondition,fourscenariosastheobjectivefunction.Thescenariosweretheminimumwaterwithdrawal,themaximumdrainage,theNaexcretionconsideringthesodiumbalanceandtheNaexcretionnon-consideringthesodiumbalance.Thelinearprogrammingwasappliedforoptimizationofirrigationschemes.Theresultsindicatethatthewaterwithdrawalcouldbereducedto2.519billionsm3from3.56billionsm3ofactualcondition.Thesodiumstoragecouldbereducedto11.3thousandtonsfrom144.9thousandtons.Whenthewaterdrainageinceaseto0.68billionsm3from0.34billionsm3thesodiumcouldbechangedto44.8thousandtonsdesalinizationfrom144.9thousandtonsstorage.Canalliningandflatfieldandothermeasurescouldbeusedtoreducingirrigationwaterloseandprotectingthesaltbalancewiththedecreasingofwatertaken.Therearecertainrelationshipsbetweenamountofwaterdrainageandsodiumwiththedischargecapacityoffiledandditch.Keywords:Fieldirrigate;Irrigationanddrainagewaterquantity;Linearprogramming,;Saltleachingrequirement,;Sodiuminput/outputbalance40基金项目:国家自然基金(51169013,51269014);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金资助课题---本文来源于网络,仅供参考,勿照抄,如有侵权请联系删除---刘霞,王丽萍,张义强,张圣微,夏玉红(20101515120005);内蒙古自然基金(2010BS0609,2011BS0607);内蒙古教育厅科研基金(NJZY11062);内蒙古农业大学博士科研启动基金项目(BJ09-26)作者简介:刘霞(1971.9.30),女,副教授,农田节水灌溉及水利用.liukasumi@126.com-1----本文来源于网络,仅供参考,勿照抄,如有侵权请联系删除---45505560650引言干旱区灌溉农业的持续发展,不仅要保障作物的需水量,还要考虑灌区盐分收支平衡的淋洗盐分用水量及排水量[1]。因此,干旱区农业的水利用规划不只是农田用水规划,还有必要对盐分收支平衡基础上的用排水系统规划进行研究。但是,现有的农田水利用规划研究大多数是只考虑灌溉需水量及淋洗盐分用水量的用水方案,而维持灌区或灌域盐分收支平衡的排水方案的研究较少。内蒙古河套灌区是黄河流域的大型灌区,灌区节水工程的大面积实...