英客在线口语细说排球和国际排球联合会的历史1.Whoinventedvolleyball?谁参加了排球?Volleyballwasinventedin1895byWilliamG.Morgan,physicaldirectoroftheYoungMen’sChristianAssociation(YMCA)inHolyoke,Massachusetts.Itwasdesignedasanindoorsportforbusinessmenwhofoundthenewgameofbasketballtoovigorous.AprofessorfromSpringfieldCollegeinMassachusettsnotedthevolleyingnatureoftheplayandproposedthenameof“volleyball.”Thegamesoonprovedtohavewideappealforbothsexesinschools,playgrounds,thearmedforcesandotherorganizationsintheUnitedStates,anditwassubsequentlyintroducedtoothercountries.排球是1895年示威廉摩根发明的,他是设在马萨诸塞州霍尔约克市的男子青年基督教协会的体育部主任。排球是为商人们设计的一项室内运动,他们发现这种新的篮球运动过于激烈。马萨诸塞州的春地学院的一位教授注意到它凌空击球的性质而起名字为“凌空接球(排球)。”此运动很快被证实在美国的学校,运动场上、武装部队和其他机构引起广泛兴趣,而且男女都喜欢。后来还被引进到其他国家。2.Whoinventedvolleyball?WhenwasUS-VBAformed?排球是什么时候创立的?In1916ruleswereissuedjointlybytheYMCAandtheNationalCollegiateAthleticAssociation(NCAA).ThefirstnationwidetournamentintheUnitedStateswasconductedbytheNationalYMCAPhysicalEducationCommitteeinNewYorkCityin1922.TheUnitedStatesVolleyballAssociation(USVBA)—nowknownasUSAVolleyball(USAV)—wasformedin1928andrecognizedastherules-making,governingbodyintheUnitedStates.1916年,男子青年基督教协会和全国大学运动协会(NCAA)联合制订了排球规则。1922年纽约市男子青年基督教协会国立体育委员会主办了美国第一届全国范围的锦标赛。美利坚合众国排球协会(奄称为美国排球协会)1928年成立并且被认为是制定规则的权利机构。3.WhointroducedvolleyballtoEurope?谁把排球介绍到了欧洲?VolleyballwasintroducedintoEuropebyAmericantroopsduringWorldWarI,whennationalorganizationswereformed.TheFederationInternationaledeVolleyBall(FIVB)wasorganizedinParisin1947andmovedtoLausanne,Switzerland,in1984.TheUSVBAwasoneofthe13chartermembersoftheFIVB,whosemembershipgrewtomorethan210membercountriesbythelate20thcentury.排球是在第一次世界大战期间由美国军队引进欧洲的,此时各国家的排球机构相继成立。国际排球联合会于1947年在巴黎成立,并且于1984年搬往瑞士的洛桑。美国排球协会是国际排联13个发起会员国之一,到20世纪末期,会员国已超过210个。Internationalvolleyballcompetitionbeganin1913withthefirstFarEastGames,inManila.TheFIVB-sponsoredworldvolleyballchampionships(formenonlyin1949;forbothplayingrulesandofficiating.VolleyballbecameanOlympicsportforbothmenandwomenatthe1964OlympicGamesinTokyo.国际排球赛始于1913年的第一届马尼松远东运动会。这项国际排联资助的世界排球冠军赛(1949年只有男排比赛;1952年起及以后的男女排都有了比赛)接受了标准化规则并予以施行。在1964年东京奥运会上,男女排球比赛变成了奥运会项目。4.Whendidinternationalvolleyballcompetitionbegin?国际排球比赛什么时候开始?EuropeanChampionshipswerelongdominatedbyCzechoslovakian,HungarianPolish,Bulgarian,Romanian,andSoviet(later,Russian)teams.AttheworldandOlympiclevels,Sovietteamshavewonmoretitles,bothmen’sandwomen’s,thanthoseofanyothernations.AhighlypublicizedJapanesewomen’steam,Olympicchampionin1964reflectedthepublicinterestinwomen’sparticipation.EncouragedbytheJapaneseVolleyballAssociation,thiswomen’steammadeitsmarkininternationalcompetitionwinningtheWorldChampionshipin1962,1966,and1967,inadditiontothe1964Olympics.Attheendofthe20thcentury,however,theCubanandlatertheChinesewomen’steamsdominatedboththeWorldChampion...