中国的核应急China'sNuclearEmergencyPreparedness（2016年1月）中华人民共和国国务院新闻办公室TheStateCouncilInformationOfficeofthePeople'sRepublicofChinaJanuary2016目录前言一、核能发展与核应急基本形势二、核应急方针政策三、核应急“一案三制”建设四、核应急能力建设与保持五、核事故应对处置主要措施六、核应急演习演练、培训与公众沟通七、核应急科技创新八、核应急国际合作与交流结束语ContentsPrefaceI.CurrentSituationofNuclearEnergyDevelopmentandNuclearEmergencyPreparednessII.GuidelinesandPoliciesforNuclearEmergencyPreparednessIII.All-roundPromotionofNuclearEmergencyPreparednessIV.BuildingandMaintenanceofNuclearEmergencyCapabilitiesV.MainMeasurestoCopewithNuclearAccidentsVI.NuclearEmergencyPreparednessExercises,Drills,TrainingandPublicCommunicationVII.ScientificandTechnologicalInnovationsinNuclearEmergencyPreparedness---本文来源于网络，仅供参考，勿照抄，如有侵权请联系删除---VIII.InternationalCooperationandExchangesintheFieldofNuclearEmergencyPreparednessConclusion前言Preface原子的发现和核能的开发利用给人类社会发展带来新的动力，极大增强人类认识世界和改造世界的能力。核能发展伴随着核安全风险和挑战。人类要更好利用核能、实现更大发展，必须创新核技术、确保核安全、做好核应急。核安全是核能事业持续健康发展的生命线，核应急是核能事业持续健康发展的重要保障。Thediscoveryoftheatomandthesubsequentdevelopmentandutilizationofnuclearenergygaveanewimpetustotheprogressofhumanityandgreatlyenhancedmankind'sabilitytounderstandandshapetheworld.Yet,thedevelopmentofnuclearenergyhasassociatedrisksandchallenges.Formankindtobetterutilizenuclearenergyandachieveevengreaterprogress,itisnecessarytomakeinnovationsinnucleartechnologies,ensurenuclearsafetyanddowellinnuclearemergencypreparedness.Whilenuclearsafetyconstitutesalifelineforthesustainedandhealthydevelopmentofnuclearenergy,nuclearemergencypreparednessservesasanimportantsafeguardforitssustainedandhealthydevelopment.核应急是为了控制核事故、缓解核事故、减轻核事故后果而采取的不同于正常秩序和正常工作程序的紧急行为，是政府主导、企业配合、各方协同、统一开展的应急行动。核应急事关重大、涉及全局，对于保护公众、保护环境、保障社会稳定、维护国家安全具有重要意义。Nuclearemergencypreparednessdenotestheemergencyactionstakentocontrol,containandmitigateanuclearaccident,andtominimizetheconsequencesofsuchaccidents,whicharedifferentfromthenormalorderandworkingprocedure.Theyareemergencyresponseactionsguidedbythegovernment,assistedbytherelevantenterprises,coordinatedamongalltheinvolvedpartiesandimplementedinaunifiedmanner.Nuclearemergencypreparednessisofparamountimportanceandbearsontheoverallsituation,andisthereforeofcriticalsignificancetotheprotectionofthegeneralpublic,theenvironmentandsocialstabilityaswellassafeguardingnationalsecurity.中国始终把核安全放在和平利用核能事业首要位置，坚持总体国家安全观，倡导理性、协调、并进的核安全观，秉持为发展求安全、以安全促发展的理念，始终追求发展和安全两个目标有机融合。半个多世纪以来，中国人民奋发图强、历尽艰辛，创建发展核能事业并取得辉煌成就。同时，不断改进核安全技术，实施严格的核安全监管，加强核应急管理，核能事业始终保持良好安全记录。Chinahasconsistentlygiventopprioritytonuclearsafetyinitspeacefuluseofnuclearenergy,andhaspersistedinanoverallnationalsecurityconceptbyadvocatingarational,coordinatedandbalancednuclearsafetyoutlook.Chinahasfollowedtheapproachofenhancingsafetyforthesakeofdevelopmentandpromotingdevelopmentbyuph...