京杭运河常州段氮形态的时空分布特征潘晨1,陶玉炎2,3,耿金菊2*,王荣俊1,陈志宁1,韩超2,任洪强2(1.常州市环境监测中心,江苏常州213001;2.污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室,南京大学环境学院,江苏南京210064;3.南京工业大学环境学院,江苏南京211047;)摘要:对京杭运河常州段8个研究点位水体中的氮形态(TN、NH4+-N、NO2--N和NO3--N)和环境因子(pH、T和DO)进行了连续9个月的动态监测,全面研究了各氮形态的随时间和空间的动态变化规律,并对各氮形态及环境因子进行了相关性分析。常州段水体月平均NH4+-N变化范围为(0.589±0.351)~(3.148±1.178)mg•L-1,TN变化范围为(3.373±1.379)~(7.373±2.307)mg•L-1,枯水期到丰水期各氮形态整体表现出波动性下降趋势,其中出境断面NH4+-N下降趋势平稳,NO3--N则是主导出境断面TN含量的主要形态。各点位NH4+-N的平均浓度范围为(1.202±0.492)~(2.813±1.566)mg•L-1,TN范围为(3.520±0.504)~(8.349±3.679)mg•L-1,各形态氮含量基本呈现出上游段(S)<新运河(G)<老运河(L)<下游(X)的空间分布特征,其中下游段存在一个重要的氮素上升突变段,NO3--N是对TN的贡献率(43.8%~57.4%)最大的无机态氮,其次是NH4+-N、ON、NO2--N,其中有机氮对TN的贡献率(13.3%)则以老河段最高。NH4+-N和NO3--N、TN、pH相关系数分别为0.397**、0.932**、0.261*,与DO相关系数为-0.344**,陆源输入及DO不足是京杭运河常州断氮污染严重的重要原因。关键词:氮形态;时空分布;溶解氧;京杭运河中图分类号:文献标识码:文章编号:Spatio-tempoDistributionofDifferentNitrogenFormsinChangzhouSegmentoftheGrandCanalPanChen1,TAOYu-yan2,3,GENGJin-ju2,WANGRong-jun1,CHENZhi-ning1,HANChao2,RENHong-qiang2(1.ChangzhouEnvironmentalMonitoringCenter,Changzhou213001,China;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofPollutionControlandResourcesReuse,SchooloftheEnvironment,NanjingUniversity,Nanjing2l0064,China;3.SchooloftheEnvironment,NanjingUniversityofTechnology,Nanjing2l1047,China)Abstract:Differentnitrogenforms(TN、NH4+-N、NO2--N和NO3--N)andenvironmentalfactorsat8samplingsitesinChangzhouSegmentoftheGrandCanalhadbeenmonitoredfor9monthstostudythespatio-tempodistributionofvariousnitrogenforms,aswellasthecorrelationbetweendifferentphosphorusfractionsandenvironmentalfactors.ResultsshowedthatthemonthlyaveragecontentsofNH4+-Nrangedfrom(0.589±0.351)mg•L-1to(3.148±1.178)mg•L-1,whileTNwereintherangeof(3.520±0.504)mg•L-1~(7.373±2.307)mg•L-1.Differentnitrogenformsexperiencedavolatilitydecreaseprocessfromlowflowperiodtohighflowperiod,asteadydeclineofNH4+-Nlevelsoccurredintheriverboundarysection,whileNO3--NmightbethedominantspecieaffectingtheTN.Spatially,theaveragecontentsofNH4+-Nchangedfrom(1.202±0.492)mg•L-1to(2.813±1.566)mg•L-1,whileTNvariedfrom(3.520±0.504)mg•L-1to(8.349±3.679)mg•L-1.ThecontentsofvariousNformsineachsegmentoccurredintheorder:downstream,>oldcanal,>newcanal>upstream,asharpincreaseofallnitrogenformsoccurredindownstream.TheNO3—NformonthecontributionofTNwashighest(43.8%~57.4%),followedbyNH4+-N、ON(organicnitrogen)、NO2—N,andtheoldcanalcontributedTNmost13.3%.AsignificantpositivecorrelationbetweenNH4+-NandNO3--N、TN、pH、DOwasobservedwiththecorrelationcoefficientsof0.397**、0.932**、0.261*and-0.344**,terrigenousinputandoxygenstarvationmaybeexplaintheseriousnitrogenpollutioninChangzhouSegment.Keywords:Differentnitrogenforms;Spatio-tempodistribution;Dissovledoxygen;GrandCanal京杭大运河是世界上最长的人工河道,自北京至杭州全长1790km,同时也是流经常州市的重要水体。京杭运河常州段以九河口为入境断面,以五牧为出境断面,其中京杭运河常州市区改线段工程于2009年末顺利竣工验收,这就...