初中英语分类练习定语从句【复习目标】▲掌握定语从句的意义及作用。▲区别各类引导词。【课前准备】•要求学生用定语从句造五个句子。【知识要点】在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的有关系代词who,whom,whose,which,that等和关系副词where,when,why等，关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成份。1.由who引导的定语从句中，who用作主语，如:Thisistheboywhooftenhelpsme.2.由whom弓I导的定语从句中,whom用作宾语，如:Themanwhomyouarewaitingforhasgonehome.3.由whose引导的定语从句中，whose用作定语，如:Doyouknowthegirlwhoseskirtiswhite?4.由which引导的定语从句中，which用作主语或谓语动词的宾语或介词的宾语，如：Theroominwhichthereisamachineisaworkshop.Theriverwhichisinfrontofmyhouseisveryclean.Thisisthepenwhichyouwant.注意：whom,which用作介词宾语时，介词可放在whom、which之前，也可放在从句原来的位置上；但在含有介词的动词固定词组中，介词只能放在原来的位置上。如：Heistheverypersonwhomwemusttakegoodcareof.⑵引导非限制性定语从句时，必须用关系代词which,不用that,如：Ihavelostmybag,whichIlikeverymuch.(3)关系代词在句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须和先行词保持一致。由that引导的定语从句中，that可以指人或物，在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语，但不能放在介词后面作介词宾语，如：ThebookthatIboughtyesterdaywaswrittenbyLuXun.注意在下面几种情况下必须用that引导定语从句。(1)先行词是不定代词all,few,little,much,something,nothing,anything等，如：AllthatwehavetodoistopractiseEnglish.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰,如ThefirstletterthatIgotfromhimwillbekept.先行词被all,any,every,each,few,little,no,some等修饰，如I'veeatenupallthefoodthatyougaveme.先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时如HeistheonlypersonthatIwanttotalkwith.(2)先行词既有人又有物时，如：Theytalkedaboutpersonsandthingsthattheymet.(3)当句中已有who时，为避免重复，如:Whoisthemanthatisgivingustheclass?5.由when,where,why引导的定语从句，如：Idon'tknowthereasonwhyhewaslate.Thisistheplacewherewehavelivedfor5years.I'llneverforgetthedaywhenImetMrLiforthefirsttime.注意：先行词是表示地点时，如果从句的谓语动词是及物的，就用that(which),如果从句的谓语动词是不及物的，就用where引导。ThisisthehouseWhich/thathehaslivedinfor15years.(Wherehehaslivedfor15year.)限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句是句中不可缺少的组成部分，主句和从句之间不用逗号分开。引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词有who,whom,whose,which,ofwhich等，这些关系代词都不能省略。非限制性定语从句是对主句先行词的补充说明，没有这种从句，不影响主句意思的完整，一般用逗号把主句和从句分开，关系代词用which,不用that;指人时可用who，如Ihavetwobrothers,whoarebothstudents.6.如何简化定语从句(1).定语从句简化为形容词或形容词短语作后置定语。如：Mygrandfatherlivesinavillagethatisfarawayfromhere.rMygrandfatherlivesinavillagefarawayfromhere.我祖父住在离这儿很远的一个村子。Thisisabookthatisworthreading.rThisisabookworthreading.这是一本值得看的书。(2)定语从句简化为现在分词或现在分词短语作前置或后置定语。ThemanwhoisstandingunderthetreeisourEnglishteacher.rThemanstandingunderthetreeisourEnglishteacher.站在树下面的那个人是我们的英语老师。Isawthehousethatwasburningatthattime.Isawtheburninghouseatthattime.当时我看到那房子在燃烧。(3)定语从句简化为过去分词短语作后置定语。IliketoseethefilmswhicharedirectedbyZhangYimou.IliketoseethefilmsdirectedbyZhangYimou.我喜欢看张艺谋导演的电影。Sheisthegirlwhowaspraisedattheschoolmeeting.Sheisthegirlpraisedattheschoolmeeting.她就是在校会上受表彰的那...