后腹腔镜离断性肾盂成形术治疗肾盂输尿管连接部梗阻临床研究和手术新进展【摘要】目的:探讨腹膜后腹腔镜离断性肾盂成形术治疗输尿管连接部梗阻(UPJO)的理论基础、手术技巧、临床效果及UPJO手术新进展。方法:回顾性分析经后腹腔镜肾盂成形术治疗的46例UPJO患者的临床资料。结果:手术时间75〜400min,平均186min;术中出血量5〜30ml,平均20ml;术后住院时间6-20d,平均7.5do围手术期尿漏2例,1例因术后吻合口出血导致,1例因术后护理不当夹闭尿管造成,均保守治疗治愈。45例术后随访肾积水及肾功能均得到改善,1例患者因肾积水加重再次行开放性肾盂成形术。结论:经后腹腹腔镜下离断性肾盂成形术治疗初发UPJ0具有安全、成功率高、无腹腔并发症等优点,可以进一步的推广和应用。后腹腔镜肾盂成形术能否用于第二次肾盂输尿管连接部梗阻的患者还需要进一步的探索。【关键词】肾盂输尿管连接部梗阻;腹腔镜;肾盂成形术;手术新进展ClinicalAnalysisofRetroperitonealLaparoscopicDis-memberedPyeloplastyforUreteropelvicJunctionObstructionandSurgeryNewProgress/WANGYing-lei,MENGLin,XIAOLin,etal.//MedicalInnovationofChina,2013,10(15):024-026[Abstract】Objective:Tostudytheoreticalbasis,oper-ationtechniquesandclinicaleffectforureteropelvicjunctionobstruetionbyretroperitoneallaparoscopicdismemberedpyeloplastyandtostudysurgerynewprogressofUPJ0.Method:Theclinicaldataof46patientswithUPJOwhounderwentretroperitoneallaparoscopicpyeloplastywereretrospectivelyanalyzed・ResuIt:Themeanoperatingtimewas186minutes(rangefrom75to400),themeanbloodlosswas20ml(rangefrom5to30),andthemeanpostoperativehospitalizationdayswere7.5days(rangefrom6to20).Postoperativefollow-upofhydronephrosisandrenalfunctionwereimproved・Inperioperationperiod,twocasespresentedwithurinaryleakage,onebecauseofpostoperativeanastomoticstomableeding,anotherimpropernursingofclosingcatheter,twocaseswerecuredbyconservativetreatment・45operationshadbeensuccessful,hydronephrosisofonemalepatientwasaggra-vated,whichwasoperatedbyopenpyeloplasty.Conclusion:RetroperitoneallaparoscopicpyeloplastyforprimaryUPJOhastheadvantagesofsecurity,highsuccessrateandnoabdominalcomplicationsetc,andcanbefurtherpromo-tionandapplication.WhetherretroperitoneallaparoscopicpyeloplastycanbeusedforthesecondUPJOalsoneedsfur-therexploraticrn.[Keywords]Ureteropelvicjunctionobstruction;La-paroscopy;Pyeloplasty;SurgerynewprogressFirst-author"saddress:AffiliatedHospitalofJiningMedicalUniversity,Jining272000,Chinadoi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2013.15.012近年来,后腹腔镜下肾盂成形术(retroperitoneallaparo-scopicpyeloplasty)治疗肾盂输尿管连接梗阻(UPJO)的技术水平不断提髙,2006年1月-2012年3月,笔者采用后腹腔镜下离断性肾盂成形术治疗UPJ046例,治疗效果满意,报告如下。1资料与方法1.1一般资料本组46例,男26例,女20例,年龄13〜59岁,平均30岁。左侧30例,右侧15例,双侧1例。46例患者有不同程度的腰部胀痛症状,3例伴尿路感染,3例伴输尿管息肉,4例伴肾结石,1例肾盂自发破裂发现。术前均行超声检查、IVP检查、逆行肾盂造影检查明确诊断。1.2方法采用气管插管全身麻醉。患者取健侧卧位,适当筋膜,暴露肾下极,分离肾脏下极内侧,显露肾盂及输尿管升高腰桥,于腋中线髒棘上2cni处做小切口,气腹针穿刺,造后腹膜气腹,压力为13〜14mmHg,穿入直径10mmTrocar,用腹腔镜钝性分离后腹膜间隙,在光源引导下分别在腋后线和腋前线肋缘下做切口,分别穿刺5mmTrocar0剪开肾周上段,以明确狭窄部位。处理原则是先行解除输尿管连接部的外来压迫,再行肾盂成形术。该处有纤维索带压迫者直接松解,如为迷走血管跨越肾盂输尿管连接部,可尝试钳夹血管,观察肾脏表面缺血情况,如果缺血面积较小,可直接将迷走血管离断,否则离断肾盂...