摘要近年来,复合材料制动盘大多采用SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料制作,其合成工艺略显复杂,价格较高,尤其切削加工困难,很难在普通轿车上大规模推广应用。众所周知,铝合金熔铸过程中很容易形成Mg2Si金属间化合物,很适合作为铝基复合材料的增强体,尤其是Mg2Si/Al复合材料制备方法简单,成本低廉,但铝合金中作为初生相形成的Mg2Si金属间化合物一般比较粗大,且多呈尖角状,割裂基体,降低性能。改变基体及增强体的形态、尺寸和分布,控制复合材料的凝固、加工和成形过程,提高其强韧性就成为当前急需解决的首要问题。本文利用熔铸法配合电脉冲孕育处理制备出Mg2Si/Al复合材料,研究结果如下:1.电脉冲孕育处理对Al-Si-Mg合金影响效果明显,Mg2Si增强体得到了显著细化,初生Mg2Si相尖角状消失,多边形圆化近乎圆形,数量上明显增多,(Al-Mg2Si)共晶组织层片间距减小,Mg2Si增强体分布更加均匀。试验证明电脉冲孕育处理对于改善Al-Si-Mg合金组织有明显的作用,对于改善基体性能,减少室温脆性有很大的前景。2.电脉冲孕育处理电压,时间和频率的改变对Al-Si-Mg合金组织均有影响,电压的改变相比时间和频率的改变对Al-Si-Mg合金组织的影响更大一些,最佳电脉冲孕育处理参数确定为500V,30S,3Hz。3.电脉冲处理前后,Al-Si-Mg合金组织的衍射图谱上衍射峰的数量、位置没有明显区别,只是衍射强度稍有不同。表明电脉冲处理后,Al-Si-Mg合金与未处理时相比,未出现新相,只影响了合金中初生Mg2Si相的形态、数量和分布。4.通过显微硬度测试可以看出经过电脉冲孕育处理显微硬度可提升20%左右,最高可达到94.3HV。电脉冲孕育处理对改善Al-Si-Mg合金力学性能有良好的作用。关键词:Mg2Si;铝合金;电脉冲---本文来源于网络,仅供参考,勿照抄,如有侵权请联系删除---AbstractInthepastfewyears,mostcompositeretardingdiscsaremadeofSiCpreinforcementaluminiumbasecompositematerial,itssynthetictechnologyiscomplicatedandthecostishigh,especiallythemachineryworkisdifficult,soitisdifficulttobepromotedandappliedforgeneralcarsextensively.Mg2Siintermetallicsaregeneratedeasilyduringthefusioncastofaluminumalloy.Itissuitablefortheenhanceosomealuminumbasecomposite.ThemanufacturingofMg2Si/Alcompositeiseasyandthecostislow,butMg2Siintermetallicscameintobeingattheprimaryphaseoffusioncastofaluminumalloy,itiscrudeandsharpangled,maydisseverthebase,allofthiswillreducetheperformance.ToChangetheshape,dimensionsandcompositionofthebaseandenhanceosomeandtocontrolthecourseofthesolidifying,processingandshapingsotoincreaseitstoughnessnowhasbecomethemostimportantandhighpriorityproblem.ThistellshowtoproduceMg2Si/Alcompositeinfusioncastingandelectronpulsemodification,detailsareasbelow:1.Theinfluenceofelectronpulsemodification(EPM)onAl-Si-Mgisobvious,Mg2Sienhanceosomegetfinesignificantly,Mg2Si’ssharpanglesdisappear,polygonalmostchangetoroundness,thequantityincreaselargely,distancesamongAl-Mg2Sieutecticstructuredecrease,Mg2Sienhanceosomedistributemoreeven.ExperimentsshowedEPMhasapparenteffectonimprovingAl-Si-Mgalloy.Ithasapromisingprospecttoenhancetheperformanceofthebaseandreducetheambientfragileness.2.Theinfluenceofelectronpulsemodification(EPM)onAl-Si-Mgisobvious,Mg2Sienhanceosomegetfinesignificantly,Mg2Si’ssharpanglesdisappear,polygonalmostchangetoroundness,thequantityincreaselargely,distancesamongAl-Mg2Sieutecticstructuredecrease,Mg2Sienhanceosomedistributemoreeven.ExperimentsshowedEPMhasapparenteffectonimprovingAl-Si-Mgalloy.Ithasapromisingprospecttoenhancetheperformanceofthebaseandreducetheambientfragileness.3.BoththechangeofvoltageandtimeofEPMhaveinfluenceonAl-Si-Mgalloy,theinfluenceofchangeofvoltageonAl-Si-Mgalloyismoret...