小剂量布托啡诺和氢化泼尼松治疗老年骨科手术中寒战的效果观察沈志恩(浙江省杭州市萧山屮医院麻醉科,浙江杭州311200)摘耍目的:评价小剂量布托啡诺和氢化泼尼松在治疗老年骨科手术中寒战的效果。方法选择老年病人硬膜外麻醉下行股骨粗隆骨折内固定、半髓置换术、全膝置换术发生寒战的患者60例,ASAI-II级,随机分成小剂量布托啡诺+氢化泼尼松组(A组)和哌替喘组(B组),每组30例。用纱后观察患者寒战改善情况,不良反应及心电图(ECG),平均动脉压(MAP),心率(HR),动脉血氧饱和度(SpO2)o结果两组用药后治疗寒战有效率无差异性,B组恶心、呕吐发生率较A组高,两组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),B组用药后HR呈一过性增快,与用药前比较有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论小剂量布托啡诺和氢化泼尼松在治疗硬膜外麻醉下老年骨科手术中寒战疗效优于哌替唳,对老年循环干扰轻,不良反应少。[关键词】寒战;布托啡诺;氢化泼尼松;哌替噪BhuttobrownandsmalldoseofprednisoloneintreatmentofelderlyDepartmentoforthopedicsoperationofshiveringintheeffectobservationShenZhien(ZhejiangprovinceHangzhoucityXiaoshanHospitaloftraditionalChineseMedicineDepartmentofAnesthesiology,ZhejiangHangzhou311200)AbstractObjective:toevaluationofsmalldoseofBhuttobrownandprednisoloneinthetreatmentofelderlyDepartmentoforthopedicsoperationchilleffect.MethodfortheselectionofelderlypatientsunderEpiduralAnesthesiafemoralintertrochantericfracturefixation,hipreplacement,totalkneereplacementin60patientswithshiver,ASAIandII,wererandomlydividedintosmalldoseofBhuttobutorphanol+prednisolonegroup(groupA)andpethidinegroup(Bgroup),eachgroupof30cases・Aftertheimprovementobservedinpatientswithshiver,adversereactionsandtheelectrocardiogram(ECG),meanarterialpressure(MAP),heartrate(HR),arterialoxygensaturation(SpO2).Resultsofthetwogroupsaftertreatmentofshiveringeffectivelynodifference,nausea,andvomitingingroupBincidencehigherthanthoseintheAgroup,thedifferencebetweenthetwogroupswasstatisticallysignificant(P<0.05),BgroupHRshowedtransientincreasesquickly,beforeandaftertreatmentcomparedwithstatisticalsignificance(P<0.05).ConclusionthesmalldoseofBhuttobrownandprednisoloneinthetreatmentofelderlyDepartmentoforthopedicsoperationunderepiduralanesthesiashiveringinsuperiorefficacyofpethidine,onoldloopinterferenceoflight,lessadversereaction.|Keywords]chills;Bhuttobutorphanol;prednisolone;pethidine中图分类号R614文献标识码A术中寒战是指麻醉手术中患者围手术期间出现不随意的肌肉收缩,同时伴有外周血管收缩和中心体温下降,主耍发生在上肢、颈和颌部肌群E。硬膜外麻醉的发生率大约为30%o老年骨科手术硬膜外麻醉后寒战使机体氧耗量增大,严重者可致低氧血症及酸屮毒、心律失常,增加痛苦,对康复不利,故治疗围手术期间的寒战十分必要。本研究评价小剂量布托啡诺和氢化泼尼松对老年骨科手术中寒战的治疗作用。1资料和方法1」一般资料选择60例硬膜外麻醉下老年骨科手术病人,ASAI〜II级,年龄65—82岁;男性25例,女性35例;体重47〜73kg;基础肛温36.4〜37.30无严重心肺肝肾功能不全;无神经肌肉疾病史;无甲状腺、代谢方面疾病;术前未出现发热及感染情况。1.2麻醉管理方法全部病例均未术前麻醉用药,采用连续硬膜外麻醉,穿刺点选择L2・3,向头侧置管3cm,局麻药用碳酸利多卡因和罗哌卡因混和液,阻滞平面控制在T10-L5,麻醉满意,术中手术顺利,术中面罩吸氧2L/ho麻醉中没有使用其他静脉辅助用药。术中输晶胶体比例为2:1,输液均无加温,输入总量在1000~1500mlo术屮未输血。手术室温度控制在(24±1.5)°C。术中寒战出现后A组给予静脉注射布托啡诺6ug/kg+氢化泼尼松10mg;B组给了静脉注射哌替唳0.05mg/kgo1.3观察指标寒战程度采用Rewittle等分级叫按0〜3级评分(0分:无寒战;1分:面部或颈部的纤维抽动,伴无上肢随意运动时的ECG...