第29卷第17期农业工程学报Vol.29No.172013年9月TransactionsoftheChineseSocietyofAgriculturalEngineeringSep.201380DesignofrealtimesoilmoisturemonitoringandprecisionirrigationsystemsWeiYichang1,WangZhenying2,WangTongchao3,LiuKun1(1.CollegeofResourcesandEnvironment,NorthChinaUniversityofWaterResourcesandElectricPower,Zhengzhou450045,China;2.AgriculturalSoilandWaterEngineeringGroup,InstituteofAppliedEcology,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Shenyang110016,China;3.CollegeofAgriculture,HenanAgricultureUniversity,Zhengzhou450002,ChinaAbstract:Inordertoprovidesuitablesoilmoistureconditionstimelyandaccuratelyforthegrowthofcrops,thestudydevelopedarealtimesoilmoisturemonitoringandprecisionirrigationsystems.Thehardware,whichwasusedinthisstudy,suchassoilmoisturesensors,dataacquisitionandcontrolmodulesandsoon,wasdesignedindependentlywithindependentintellectualpropertyrights.Thissystemtookirrigationdistrictasthemanagementunittosetupthesoilmoisturesensorsandirrigationequipments,andimplementedautomaticacquisitionofsoilmoistureinformation.Thestartupandshutdownoftheirrigationsystemwerecontrolledautomaticallyormanuallybytheupperandlowerlimitsofsoilmoistureinthecropgrowthperiods.Throughfixedsprinklerirrigation,dripirrigationandsubsurfaceirrigation,theirrigationwaterwastransformeddirectlyintotherootzoneofcropstomeetthedemandforwaterinthegrowingperiodsofthecrop,whichgreatlysavedwater,increasedcropproduction,andeffectivelyimprovecropquality.Thissystemwasrunningstability,goodextensibleandcostefficient,itsrelativedeviationwiththeconventionalmethodwaslessthan5%,whichmadeitaneffectiveandapplicabletool.Keywords:irrigation;soilmoisture;monitoring;sensor;automationdoi:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2013.17.011CLCnumber:S274.2Documentcode:AID:1002-6819(2013-17-0080-007WeiYichang,WangZhenying,WangTongchao,etal.Designofrealtimesoilmoisturemonitoringandprecisionirrigationsystems[J].TransactionsoftheChineseSocietyofAgriculturalEngineering(TransactionsoftheCSAE,2013,29(17:80-86.(inEnglishwithChineseabstract魏义长,王振营,王同朝,等.土壤墒情实时监测与精准灌溉系统的设计[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(17:80-86.0IntroductionWaterbalancemethod[1]isusedmostlyintheconventionalirrigation,bywhichtheconditionsofsoilmoistureorsoilwaterstorage,theamountsofprecipitation,cropevapotranspirationandgroundwaterutilizationandsoon,arecalculatedintheforecastperiodaccordingtotheweatherforecast.Usingwaterbalancecalculations,soilwaterstorageandsoilmoisturecontentwillbepredictedinthefuture.Whenthesoilmoisturecontentisatorbelowacriticalvalue,irrigationshouldbestarted[2].MethodsforsoilmoistureforecastcanbebroadlydividedintoReceiveddate:2012-08-06Reviseddate:2013-08-07Foundationitem:NationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChina(GrantNo.41101372,keyscientificandtechnologicalresearchprojectsinHenanProvince(No.102102110145,andZhengzhouscientificandtechnologicalresearchprojects(No.112PPTGY222-5.Biography:WeiYichang(1967-,Male(Hannationality,Ph.D.Professor,Mastersupervisor,SeniorMemberofChineseSocietyofAgriculturalEngineering(E041200269S,Mainlyengagingintheapplicationof3Stechnologyonefficientutilizationofwaterandsoilresources.Email:weiyichang@ncwu.eduformulamethod[3,4],waterbalancemethod[5,6],exponentialdepletionmodel[7,8],soilwaterdynamicalmethod[9,10],timeseriesmodelmethod[11,12,13]andsoon.However,theapplicabilityandthecomplexityofthesemethods(ormodelsaredifferent[14]....
