DOI:10.3724/SP.J•1006.2014.01479覆膜栽培对甘薯幼根生长发育、块根形成及产量的影响王翠娟1史春余王振振1柴沙沙1史衍玺2［山东农业木学农学院/作物生物学国家朿点实验室，山东泰安271018;2农业人学资源与环境学院，山东青阳266109摘要：选用济徐23为材料，进行2年的大田试验和一年的盆栽试验，研究2种覆膜栽培对甘斡生长前期幼根生长发育和吸收能力、分化根内源激素含量和封垄期单株块根鲜重的影响及其与产量的关系。结果表明，覆黑色膜和覆透明膜处理与对照相比，均显著(PV0.05)增加甘薯秧苗栽植后10d和20d的幼根数最、总长度、鲜重、表面积、体积和幼根根系的吸收面积、活跃吸收面积，其中的幼根数量、鲜重、体积、幼根根系的吸收面积、活跃吸收面积在2种覆膜处理间差异显著(PV0.05),覆黑色膜优丁•覆透明膜；2种覆膜处理显著(PV0.05)提高秧苗栽植厉10d的根系活力，H覆黑色膜优于覆透明膜。同时，在块根分化期(秧茁栽植后20d和30d)2种覆膜处理显著(PV0.05)提高了分化根的ZR含量，促进初生形成层的活动和块根形成；在块根膨大初期(秧苗栽植后40d)2种覆膜处理显著(P<0.05)提高分化根的ABA含量和显著(P<0.05)降低分化根的GA含量，促进次生形成层的活动、淀粉积累和块根膨大，其中，块根膨大初期2种覆膜处理ABA和GA含量差异显著(P<0.05),均覆黑色膜处理效果:最好。在2年的大III试验中，2种覆膜处理与对照相比，均显若提高了廿薯封垄期的单株有效薯块数和单薯鲜重，覆黑色膜的单株有效薯块数高于覆透明膜，而覆透明膜的单薯鲜重显著(P<0.05)人于覆黑色膜处理。覆黑色膜和覆透明膜处理2011年分别増产10.71%和5.76%,2012年分别增产12.99%和7.45%。关键词：甘薯；覆膜栽培；块根分化建成；产量EffectsofPlasticFilmMulchingCultivationonYoungRootsGrowthDevelop-ment,TuberFormationandTuberYieldofSweetPotatoWANGCui-Juan1,SHIChun-Yu'\WANGZhen-Zhen1,CHAISha-Sha1,LIUHong-Juan1,andSHIYan-Xi21CollegeofAgronomicSciences,ShandongAgriculturalUniversity/StateKeyLaboratoryofCropBiology,Taiwan271018,China;2ResourcesandEnvironmentCollege,QingdaoAgriculturalUniversity,QingDao266109,ChinaAbstract:Atwo-yeartrialandaonc-ycarpotexperimentwereperformedtoinvestigategrowthanddevelopmentandabsorbingabilityofyoungroots,cndogenoushormonescontentofdifferentiatedrootsatearlygrowingstageusingvarietyJixu23withtwotypesofplasticfilmmulchingcultivation,andnoplasticascontrol(CK).Thetuberousrootfreshweightperplantat50daysafterplantingwasdetermined,anditsrelationshipwithtuberousrootyieldatharvestlimewasanalyzed・Theresultsshowedthat,at10and20daysafterplanting,thenumber,totallength,freshweight,andvolumeofyoungrootssignificantlyincreasedcomparedwithcontrol,andthedifferencesinactivity,totalabsorptionareaandactiveabsorptionareaofyoungrootsbetweentwoplasticfilmmulchingtreatmentsweresignificant(P<0.05),showingtheblackplasticfilmmulching(BF)superiortothetransparentfilmmulching(TF).Besides,zeatinriboside(ZR)contentofdifferentiatedroots(at10and20daysafterplanting)wassignificantim-proved,whichwasinfavorofprocambiumactivityandtuberousrootsformation.Ontheotherhand,atearlyexpansionperiodoftuberousroots,plasticfilmmulchingcultivationincreasedabscisicacid(ABA)contentanddecreasedgibberellin(GA)contentindifferentiatedroots,aswellasimprovedtheseeondarycambiumactivity,starchaccumulationanddifferentiatedrootexpansion.Meanwhile,abscisicacid(ABA)contentandgibberellin(GA)contentundertheblackfilmmulchingsignificantlychanged.Filmmulchingcultivationincreasedthenumberandfreshweightoftuberousrootsperplantat50daysafterplanting,whichcontributedtohigherfreshyieldoftuberousrootatharvesttime.Inthetwoyearexperiment,twotreatmentssignificantlyenhancedthevalidtubernumberandfr...