论That引导的从句摘要:that是个常见词,可以引导不同种类的从句,用法比较复杂,学生在学习中容易混淆他们的用法。将详细总结that引导的从句,分析比较它们的用法,以帮助学生更好地掌握that从句,并让学生在学习其他语法现象时有所借鉴。关键词:that从句;用法;比较中图分类号:G642.3文献标志码:A文章编号:1673-291X(2009)30-0223-021.that引导主语从句(SubjectClauses)(1)That引导主语从句,在句中充当主语的成分。①Thatpriceswillgoupiscertain.物价要上涨是肯定的。②Thatshewasabletocomemadeusveryhappy.她能来使我们很高兴。(2)当that引导的主语从句太长时,常用it作形式主语而把that从句放在后面,口语中that有时可以省略。用it作形式主语的that从句主要有下面几类:a.It+be+形容词+that从句Itisnaturalthattheyshouldhavedifferentviews.他们有不同的观点是很自然的。b.It+be+名词+that从句It’sapity(that)hecan'tswim.真遗憾他不会游泳。c.It+动词(+宾语或状语)+that从句ItsohappensthatIknowtheartist.我碰巧认识那位艺术家。d.It+动词的被动语态+that从句ItissaidthatthebookhasbeentranslatedintoseveralforEignlanguages.据说,那本书已被译成了几种外语。2.that引导宾语从句(ObjectClauses)有大量的动词可以跟that引导的从句作宾语,如agree,believe,claim,decide,expect,find,guess,hear,insist,know,learn,realize,say,see,suggest,think,tell,wish等,口语中that常可省略,但在下面情况中不能省略:第一,在suggest,order等表示命令、请求、建议等动词后的宾语从句中,不能省。第二,由and或but所连接的两个宾语从句时,第一个从句中的that可以省,第二个从句中的that不能省。第三,that引导的宾语从句,如果从句中还有其他状语从句,引导宾语从句的that不能省略①Iknowshewasagainstus.我知道她反对我们。②Isuggestthatweshouldleaveearlyfortheairport.我建议我们早点动身去机场。③Shesaid(that)shewouldcomeandthatshewouldbringherdaughter.她说她要来,并把女儿带来。④Tellhimthatifheisathome,I'llcalltoseehim.告诉他如果他在家,我就去拜访他。3.that引导表语从句(PredicativeClauses)that引导的表语从句,放在联系动词后,在句中充当表语的成分,that有时可省略,例如:①Thefactis(that)sheneverlikedhim.事实是她从来未喜欢过他。②Thereasonwhysomanypeoplewerekilledinthebigfireisthatthebuildingwasbuiltwithoutanyfireescapes.这么多的人在大火中丧生,其原因是那座楼房里没有太平门。4.that引导同位语从句(AppositiveClauses)有很多名词后可以跟that引导的从句,说明其内容,可称为同位语从句。这种名词有fact,idea,belief,conclusion,evidence,information,message,news,opinion,order,proof,proposal,report,rumour,rule,suggestion,truth,view等,例如:①Wearesurprisedatthefactthatthechildrendiditontheirown.听说孩子们独立做那件事,我们感到吃惊。②Heheardthenewsthathisteamhadwon.他听到消息说他的球队获胜了。1.that引导定语从句时,通常仅引导限制性定语从句,前面不用逗号。在从句中作主语时可指人或物,相当于who或which;在从句中作宾语时常可省略,相当于whom或which;在从句中作表语,表示性质,可以省略。例如:①Theletterthat/whichcamethismorningisfrommyteacherofEnglish.今天上午递到的信是我英语老师寄来的。②Ishethemanthat/whosellsstationary?他就是卖文具的那个人吗?③That’stheman(that/whom)Iwastalkingabout.那正是我所谈到的人。④He’snottheman(that)hewas.他现在不是像过去那样的人了。2.用that不用which的七种情况:①先行词前有形容词最高级或序数词修饰时,用that不用which引导。如:Thisisthebestarticlethathaseverbeenwrittenonthesubject.迄今为止在有关这个题目的文章中,这一篇是最好的。②先行词为little,much,all,none,few,(the)one,something,everything,nothing,anything等不定代词时,用that引导。如:Thisreferencebookcontainsmuch(little)thatisuseful.这本参考书中有很多(没有多少)有用的东西。③先行词前有any,all,no,few,every,s...