Review•Clause,asemanticunitofasingleverborverbgroup(VG)anditssurroundings,isSFG，sbasicanalysisunit.•Independent(main)andDependent(subordinate)Clauses•Rankingclauseanddownrankedclause(embeddedclause)•Insertedclause•Whafsinaclause?Process(VG),Participants(NG),andCircumstances(AdvG,PrepositionalPhrases)E.g.1，Mark,whileworkingonhistruckyesterday,heardthesoundofacrash.2,Thedisadvantageisthatyourneighborcandothesame.TransitivityOurexperienceofrealityiscapturedintermsofprocesses(or"goings-on”)~happening,doing,sensing,meaning,being,andbecoming.Theseprocessesconstitutethetransitivitysystemoflanguage,whichbelongstotheexperientialmetafunction.Revolvingaroundtheseprocessesareparticipantsandcircumstances,andwe'llneedtotaketheseintoaccountaswell.■TheprocessisalwaysrealisedbyaVG.■TheparticipantistypicallyrealisedbyanNG.■ThecircumstanceistypicallyrealisedbyanAdvGorPrepositionalphrase.ProcessesTherearesixprocesses.Eachprocesstakesauniquesetofparticipants.Howdoweremembertheprocesses?IsuggestyouusetheacronymMMVERB,whichstandsforMaterial,Mental,Verbal,Existential,Relational,Behavioural.ProcessParticipantsMaterialActor,Goal,Scope,Attribute,Client,RecipientMentalSenser,PhenomenonVerbalSayer,Receiver,VerbiageExistentialExistentRelationalCarrier/Attribute(Attributive),Token/Value(Identifying)CircumstancesOncircumstantialelements,theseaddinformationabouttime(when),place(where),manner(how),andreason/cause(why,forwhat/who),andcanbeprobedwithwhere,why.how,andwhen.Forobviousreasons,elementswhichanswerawho.which,orwhatprobearenotcircumstantialelements,butparticipants.Summary:"Core"circumstantialelements(where?,why?,how?,when?)(AcronymLMRT)■Location(Ask:Where?)Mr.Beanreadsnewspaperinthepark.■Manner(Ask:How?)Mr.Beanreadsnewspapercarelessly.■Reason/cause(Ask:Why?)Mr.Beanreadsnewspaperforfun.■Time(Ask:When?)Mr.Beanreadnewspaperyesterday."Non-core"circumstantialelements(trytheacronymACREAM)■Accompaniment(Ask:Withwhom/what?)Mr.Beanwashavinglunchwithhisgirlfriend.■Contingency(Ask:Underwhatcircumstances?)Mr.BeanboughtanexpensivewatchdespitehisgirlfriencTsprotest.■Role(Ask:As/intowhat?)Mr.Beansmashedtheglassintopieces.AsaretiredteacherMrBeanreadsnewspapereveryday.■Extent(Ask:Atwhatinterval?)Mr.BeanreadsnewspaperfromMondaystoWednesdays.■Angle(Ask:Whose/whichperspective?)Mr.Beanboughtawatch,accordingtohisgirlfriend.■Matter(Ask:Aboutwhat?)Mr.Beankeptquietabouthisbrokenwatch.Processes1,MaterialprocessTheparticipantsare:■Actor—theoneperformingtheaction■Goal-thatwhichisaffectedbytheaction■Scope(Range)-anentitywhichindicatesthedomainoverwhichtheprocesstakesplace,itremainsunaffectedbytheaction■Attribute—aqualityascribedorattributedtoanentity■Client—forwhom/whichtheactionoccurs■RecipientthereceiverofgoodsorservicesAmaterialprocessisaprocessofdoingorhappening,andtheActoristhekeyparticipant.Youcanprobeamaterialprocesswith"whatdidtheActordo?Hor"whathappened?1'GrahamplayedpingpongyesterdayPt:ActorPrrMaterialPt:ScopeCirc:TimeGrahamswallowedthepingpongballbymistakePt:ActorPr:MaterialPt:GoalCirc:MannerThedoctorgaveGrahamsomelaxativePt:ActorPr:MaterialPt:RecipientPt:GoalHealsomadeGrahamatabletPt:ActorPr:MaterialPt:ClientPt:GoalandpainteditgreenPr:MaterialPt:GoalPt:AttributeBecausethematerialprocessinvolvesdynamicverbs,theprogressiveispermitted―"Grahamwasplayingpingpongyesterdayn.Thisisausefulte...