罗素论中国教育BertrandRussellonChineseeducationZHENGWei-ping(SchoolofHumanitiesandSocialSciences,TsinghuaUniversity,Beijing101084,China)Abstract:ThevisitofBertrandRusselltoChinaduring1920to1921wasoneofthemostsignificanteventsinMayFourthMovement,andRussellpointedoutthateducationwasthemostimportantthingforChinesereconstruction.TheauthorarguesthatweshouldinterpretRussell’seducationalideaofChinafromatheoreticandpracticalpointofview.ThemaninChineseeducationisthekeytothefutureofChina.Keywords:BertrandRussell;Chineseeducation;MayFourthMovementInvitedbyascholarassociationofPekingUniversity,RusselldeliveredaseriesoflecturesabouttheproblemsofChina,besideshistheoryoflogicandphilosophy.Chineseintellectuals,youngstudents,politiciansmadecommentsonhislectureswithgreatenthusiasm.HisinfluenceonChinawassogreatthatformerpresidentSUNYat-sencalledhim“theonlyforeignerwhoknowsChinesecivilization”andin11018,CAC(CulturalAcademyofChina)chosehislecturesinChinaas“themostinfluentialliteraturesonChinainthe20thcentury”(BertrandRussell,2000,p.293).RusselltookChineseeducationasakeytotheChineseproblems.Hewrote,“Butasforthethoughtrecently,ItakeEducationasthefirstthinginvariousmethodsofChinesereconstruction”(BertrandRussell,2000,p.297).Inthispaper,besidesasurveyofRussell’sthoughtsofChineseeducation,whichintersperseamongRussell’slecturesandessaysaboutChineseproblem.TheauthorwillarguethatRussell’ssolutionofChineseproblembasedoneducationisstillusefulforus.1.AnalysisofChineseeducationUnlikepresentsituation,Chineseeducationwasnotunifiedpartlybecauseitsgovernmentwastooweakandthereweremanyforcesineducation.ThereweremanyforcesinChineseeducation,soRussellconcludedthatthereweremainlythreeformsofChineseeducation.1.1Old-fashionededucationBeforedisintegrationofQingDynasty,therewasonlyonekindofeducationinChina,whichRusselldescribedasold-fashionededucation.Old-fashionededucationemphasizedthelearningofclassicalworks,whichmainlywerethedoctrineofConfuciusandhisfollowers.Theyhadnointerestsinscientificknowledge,whichwastakenasbeingunnecessarytoman’shappiness.Theaimofeducationistoacquiretheabilityof“self-cultivation,regulatingthefamily,governingthecountryandestablishingpeacethroughouttheworld”(BertrandRussell,1922,p.34).Aman’smoralityandpoliticalabilitywerethestandardofhiscultivatedlevel,andaperfectexamplewastheZHENGWei-ping,Ph.D.candidate,SchoolofHumanitiesandSocialSciences,TsinghuaUniversity;researchfield:Russellstudies.60本文来源：网络收集与整理，如有侵权，请联系作者删除，谢谢！---本文来源于网络，仅供参考，勿照抄，如有侵权请联系删除---