上海地区栾多态毛蚜形态特征·消长规律及防治初探陈连根朱砚雯李融梅毕庆泗周玲琴周定瑞摘要[目的]探究欒多态毛蚜的形态特性、消长规律及防治策略。[方法]通过室内制片、镜检，描述了各蚜型的形态特征;通过室外采样调查，研究栾多态毛蚜消长规律。[结果]栾多态毛蚜属于同寄主全周期型，其蚜型有干母、孤雌蚜（分有翅和无翅）、性母（分有翅和无翅）、性蚜（分有翅和无翅）;孤雌蚜中，又分干雌和干雌后代;虫态有卵、若蚜（1～4龄）、滞育型、成蚜。孤雌蚜于4月中旬种群数量开始上升，5月上、中旬达到高峰，之后下降;滞育型蚜在4月下旬或5月上旬开始发生，5月中旬达到高峰，5月下旬下降，6、7月少量发生，8—10月上旬未见;性母于10月中旬开始发生，10月下旬到11月上旬达到高峰，11月中旬下降，与此同时，性蚜开始出现，11月下旬，性蚜迁移到枝条或主干上，雌性蚜开始产卵，然后，以卵越冬;卵主要分布在栾树的主干和一级分叉;不同类型绿地，蚜虫、天敌发生情况具有差异。[结论]春季是该蚜的主要危害期，夏季叶片上基本未见蚜虫，秋季虫量虽然多于春季，但危害并不严重;不同类型绿地，可采取不同的防治策略。关键词栾多态毛蚜;形态特征;消长规律;卵分布;天敌S763.36A0517-6611（2020）14-0147-06doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2020.14.041Abstract[Objective]Toexplorethemorphology，growthanddeclinerulesandcontrolstrategiesofPeriphylluskoelreuteriae（Takahashi）.[Method]Themorphologyofthevariousaphidtypesortheaphidstatesweredescribedbymakingslidespecimensandmicroscopicobservationindoorsinthispaper;throughfieldsamplinginvestigation，thegrowthanddeclinerulesofPeriphylluskoelreuteriaewerestudied.[Result]Periphylluskoelreuteriaebelongstoall-periodictypeofhost，theaphidtypehasfundatrix，viviparousfemales（wingedandwingless），sexupara（wingedandwingless），sexualaphids（wingedandwingless）;viviparousfemalesaredividedintofundatrigeniaandgenesisstagesoftheaphids;insecthaveegg，aphids（1st-4thinstarnymphs），diapauseaphidsandadultaphids.TheresultsshowedthatpopulationoftheviviparousfemalesbegantoincreaseinthesecondtendaysofApril，peakedinthefirst，secondtendaysofMay，andthendeclined;thediapauseaphidsbegantooccurinthelasttendaysofAprilorthefirsttendaysofMay，peakedinthesecondtendaysofMay，declinedinthelasttendaysofMay，occurredinasmallamountinJuneandJuly，andnotseenfromAugusttothefirsttendaysofOctober;thesexuparabegantooccurinthesecondtendaysofOctober，peakedfromthelasttendaysofOctobertothefirsttendaysofNovember，anddeclinedinthesecondtendaysofNovember.Atthesametime，thesexualaphidsbegantoappear，andmovedfromtheleavesofKoelreuteriapaniculataLaxmtothebranchesortrunkinthelasttendaysofNovember，theoviparousfemalesbegantolayeggs，andthentheaphidsoverwinteredwitheggs;theeggsweremainlydistributedonthetrunkandtheprimaryfurcation;theoccurrencesoftheaphidsandnaturalenemiesweredifferentinvarioustypesofgreenland.[Conclusion]Springisthemaindamageperiodoftheaphid.Thereisnoaphidsontheleavesinsummer.Althoughtheamountofaphidinautumnismorethanthatinspring，thedamageisnotserious.Differenttypesofgreenspacecanadoptdifferentcontrolstrategies.KeywordsPeriphylluskoelreuteriae（Takahashi）;Morphologicalcharacteristics;Growthanddeclinerules;Eggdistribution;Naturalenemies栾树为落叶乔木，树形端正，枝叶茂密而秀丽，春季嫩叶多为红色，入秋后，色彩丰富，首先是树冠满是金黄的花序，接下来是一串串高挂枝头的红色蒴果，形似灯笼，绚丽悦目;栾树适应性强，具有抗粉尘、二氧化硫和臭氧的特性[1]，被广泛用作行道树、庭荫树等绿地树种[2]。栾多态毛蚜[Periphylluskoelreuteriae（Takahashi）]是栾树的主要害虫[3-4]。该虫主要以吸食栾树的嫩...