SICENCE新闻发布作者:JennyRodger稿号：NRR-D-14-00460优化重复经颅刺激：修复脑创伤后的神经回路虽然神经元活动能够促进神经可塑性和神经连接这种观点已经是众所周知的，但以神经活动为基础的康复计划成功率在人体临床经验中仍然很有限。相比之下，科学家们认为重复经颅刺激可具有脑损伤后控制兴奋性和可塑性的能力，从而促进损伤后的恢复，甚至可能具有在神经创伤后促进细胞再生的潜在能力。澳大利亚西澳大学JenniferRodger教授所在实验室在该方向正在进行中的研究项目已证明：使用非侵入性脑刺激技术调节大脑兴奋性和可塑性在目前来说是有可能的实现的，如重复经颅刺激和经颅直接刺激。这些技术已经表现出了其在大脑神经创伤后的修复能力，然而，他们还不能够完全控制这些技术完美的修复受损的神经回路。在发表于《中国神经再生研究（英文版）》杂志2015年3月第3期的观点文章中，他们重点关注重复经颅刺激的哪些内容可以给神经康复学提供治疗效果，并建议以何种方式能够获得完全控制这一强大工具的方法，进而优化其在神经调节方面的治疗价值。Article:"Optimisingrepetitivetranscranialmagneticstimulationforneuralcircuitrepairfollowingtraumaticbraininjury"byJenniferRodger1,RachelM.Sherrard2(1ExperimentalandRegenerativeNeuroscience,SchoolofAnimalBiology,theUniversityofWesternAustralia,Perth,Australia;2SorbonneUniversités,UPMCUnivParis06&CNRS,InstitutdeBiologieParisSeine-B2A,UMR8256BiologicalAdaptationandAgeing,ParisFrance)RodgerJ,SherrardRM(2015)Optimisingrepetitivetranscranialmagneticstimulationforneuralcircuitrepairfollowingtraumaticbraininjury.NeuralRegenRes10(3):357-359.欲获更多资讯：NeuralRegenResSICENCE新闻发布作者:JennyRodger稿号：NRR-D-14-00460OptimisingrepetitivetranscranialmagneticstimulationfortreatmentofbraininjuryNoninvasivebrainstimulationtechniquessuchasrepetitivetranscranial(rTMS)andtranscranialdirectcurrent(tDCS)stimulationarecurrentlyusedtomodulateneuronalexcitability;butoutcomesremainvariable.Itiscrucialtocharacterisethecellularmechanismsunderlyingsuchtechniquesinordertoharnesstheexcitabilityandplasticityprocessesthattheyinduceandsthereforebeabletoapplythemtopromoterecoveryfollowinginjury.DrsRodgerandSherrard,internationallyrecognizedscientists,highlightinapaperinNeuralRegenerationResearch(Vol.10,issue2)theexcitingpotentialfornoninvasivebrainstimulationtechniquestobeusedtopromoteneuralregeneration.Whileitiswell-knownthatneuronalactivitypromotesbrainplasticity,thesuccessofactivity-basedneuralrehabilitationprogramsremainslimitedinhumanclinicalexperiencebecausepatientscannotadequatelycontrolneuronalexcitabilityinordertoinducerepair.Althoughitispossibletomodulatebrainplasticityusingtechniquessuchasrepetitivetranscranial(rTMS)andtranscranialdirectcurrent(tDCS),wearefarfromhavingfullcontrolofthesetechniques.Inthelastfewyears,therehasbeenmountingevidencethatrTMSmaynotinducereliableandreproducibleeffects.Thehighvariabilitywithinandbetweensubjects,andoften-contradictoryoutcomesofrTMSexperimentsindifferentlaboratories,hasmadeitsusesomewhatcontroversial.ThisisessentiallybecauserTMShasbeenusedclinicallyforalmosttwodecadeswithoutprecedingfundamentalanimalandinvitroresearchtoidentifythecellulareffects.Forthesereasons,theauthorspointoutthat“DevelopingthestimulationtoolstoconductrTMSexperimentsinanimalsandinvitromodelsiscriticaltoallowanimprovedunderstandingoftheprimaryactionsofrTMS”TheauthorssuggestoptionsfordevelopingclinicallyrelevantanimalrTMSstimulationdevicesandmodels,inordertoprovideapracticalandtheoreticalframeworktodirecthowrTMScanbeappliedfollowingneurotraumatopromoteregenerationandrehabilitationofneuralcircuits.Article:"Optimisingrepetitivetranscranialmagneticstimulationforneuralcircuitrepairfollowingtraumaticbraininjury"byJenniferRodger1,RachelM.Sherrard2(1ExperimentalandRegenerativeNeuroscience,SchoolofAnimalBiology,theUniversityofWesternAustralia,Perth,Australia;2SorbonneUniversités,UPMCUnivParis06&CNRS,InstitutdeBiologieParisSeine-B2A,UMR8256BiologicalAdaptationandAgeing,ParisFrance)RodgerJ,SherrardRM(2015)Optimisingrepetitivetranscranialmagneticstimulationforneuralcircuitrepairfollowingtraumaticbraininjury.NeuralRegenRes10(3):357-359.
