低剂量MSCT扫描在IVP输尿管显影不良中的临床应用【摘要】目的:探讨IVP输尿管显影不良后进行低剂量MSCT扫描的应用价值。方法:TVP输尿管显影不良后,立即或择期进行低剂量MSCT扫描。根据患者的体质情况(如腰围、体重),制定了三组低剂量MSCT扫描参数,不同体质的患者用相应不同扫描参数进行低剂量MSCT扫描,体质瘦小者用低KV、低MA进行低剂量MSCT扫描。统计42例用低剂量MSCT扫描的患者资料,总结其低剂量扫描后减少X线辐射剂量;又统计低剂量MSCT扫描后对输尿管、肾脏疾病的诊断价值。结果:综合分析TVP与低剂量扫描MSCT图像,结果显示为结石是输尿管和/或肾脏结石的首发原因,占64.3%oCT可以发现IVP不能显示的小结石。输尿管显影不良的原因中,输尿管、肾脏先天性疾病所占比率为29.4%o低剂量MSCT扫描可以解决IVP输尿管显影不良的原因。另外低剂量MSCT扫描时,MAS总量一般在1200〜3000MAS,平均减少2100MAS;CTDI值平均减少59.7%,相当于患者减少210次胸部DR片检查的辐射剂量。结论:IVP输尿管显影不良时,通过低剂量MSCT扫描,减少患者X线辐射剂量,解决了IVP输尿管显影不良的原因,为临床提供正确诊断。【关键词】TVP;低剂量MSCT扫描;KV;MAS;CTDlvol[Abstract]Objective:Toinvestigatetheapplicationvalueof1owdoseMSCTscanningafterIVPureteraladversedevelopment.Method:AfterIVPureteraladversedevelopment,lowdoseMSCTseanningwasperformedimmediatelyorelective.Accordingtothephysicalconditionofpatients(suchaswaistcircumference,bodyweight),thelowdoseMSCTscanningparametersofthethreegroupswereformulated,differentphysicalpa/tientswerecarriedoutlowdoseMSCTscanningusingdifferentscanparameters,physiquethinpersonwerecarriedout1owdoseMSCTscanningusinglowKV,lowMA.Thedataof42patientswithlowdoseMSCTscanningwerestatisticalanalyzed,theX-rayradiationdosereductionafter1owdoseMSCTscanningwassummarized,thevalueindiagnosisofureter,renaldiseaseoflowdoseMSCTscanningwerestatisticalanalyzed.Result:ThecomprehensiveanalysisofIVPand1owdoseMSCTscanimage,resultsshowedthatstonewasthefirstreasonforcalculusofureterand/orkidneystones,accountedfor64.3%.CTcouldbefoundthatTV卩couldr/tdisplaycalculi.Thereasonofureteraladversedevelopmentofkidney,ureter,congenitaldiseases,accountingfor29.4%.LowdoseMSCTscanningcouldsolvethecausesofadversedevelopmentofIVPureter・InadditiontolowdoseMSCTscanning,thetotalMASingeneral1200-3000MAS,nnaveragereductionwas2100MAS.CTDTvaluereducedby59.7%onaverage,equivalenttoreduce210timesinpatientswithchestDRrayexaminationofradiationdose.Conclusion:IVPureteraldevelopmentispoor,throughlowdoseMSCTscanning,reducepatientX-ravdose,solvethereasonofIVPureteraladversedevelopment,providecorrectdiagnosisforclinica1.[Keywords]IVP;LowdoseMSCTscanning;KV;MAS;CTDlvolFirst一authorJsaddress:Xili卩eople'sHospitalofNanshanDistractinShenzhenCity,Shenzhen518055,Chinadoi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2014.22.012在日常工作中,患者IVP检查时经常遇到一侧或双侧输尿管显影不良,不能明确诊断。在排除生理性原因、IVP检查半小时解开压迫带、拍摄全尿路平片后,立即或择期进行MSCT扫描,这样可以找到输尿管不显影的原因[1]。但这样会进一步增加患者的X线辐射剂量,尤其在泌尿系CT增强扫描时辐射剂量明显增多[2]。实际工作中,努力减少X线辐射剂量已经成为当今影像医生研究的课题。笔者根据不同患者体质情况,分别采用不同低剂量CT扫描参数进行MSCT扫描,达到明显减少X线辐射剂量,又能明确输尿管不显影原因的效果。1资料与方法1.1设备IVP检査时采用500MA岛津X光机。对比剂为40mL的60%泛影葡胺,或40mL碘海醇,选择一侧上肢静脉用1〜2min内注射完毕。CT机为16-SliceSiemensSOMATOMEmotion全身MSCT机。CT图像工作站为ANKE-ASG-340oCT增强高压注射器为美国MEDRAD,对比...