低脂低蛋白膳食在老年慢性肾脏病患者中的临床应用[摘要]耳的探讨低脂低蛋白膳食在老年慢性肾脏病患者中的应用效果。方法选取本院老年慢性肾脏病患者106例,应用SGA对患者进行营养评价,然后根据患者的依从性分为两组,观察组给予蛋白质0.6-0.8g/(kg?d)>脂肪W40g/d,对照组给予蛋白质1.0g/(kg?d)>脂肪占总热能的18%〜20%,营养干预3个月后,观察两组的营养不良发生率、空腹血糖(FBG)、血浆白蛋白(ALB)、前白蛋白(PA)、血红蛋白(Hb)、胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、尿素氮(BUN)、肌酹(SCr)、估算肾小球滤过率(c-aGFR)。结果两组治疗后的营养不良发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)o两组的FBG、ALB、PA、HB、TC及TG治疗前后及组间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)o观察组治疗后的BUN.SCr低于治疗前及对照组,c-aGFR高于治疗前,差异有统计学意义(PV0.05)。结论低脂低蛋口膳食是老年慢性肾脏病综合治疗中的基础之一。[关键词]低脂低蛋白饮食;老年;慢性肾脏病[中图分类号]R692[文献标识码]A[文章编号]1674-4721(2014)04(c)-0055-03Clinicalapplicationoflowfatand1owproteindietinelderlypatientwithchronickidneydiseaseFULi-qunlQIAOJing2CAIJun3A1.DepartmentofClinicalNutrition,ZhoupuHospitalofPudongNewAreainShanghaiCity,Shanghai201318,China;2.DepartmentofNephrology,ZhoupuHospitalof卩udongNewAreainShanghaiCity,Shanghai201318,China;3・DepartmentofClinicalNutrition,LonghuaHospitalinShanghaiCity,Shanghai200032,China[Abstract]ObjectiveTodiscussapplicationeffectoflowfatand1owproteindietinelderlypatientwithchronickidneydisease.Methods106casesofelderlypatientswithchronickidneydiseaseinourhospitalwereselected・SGAwasusedtoassessthenutritionalstatusofpatientsandthepatientsweredividedintotwogroupsaccordingtothecompliance.0bservationgroupwasgivenalowproteinfrom0.6to0.8g/(kg?d),fatW40g/d,controlgroupwasgiven1.0g/(kg?d)proteinandfat(18%~20%ofthetotalthernialenergy)・After3monthsofnutritionintervention,theincidencerateofmalnutrition,fastingbloodglucose(FBG),serumalbumin(ALB),prealbumin(PA),hemoglobin(Hb),cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),bloodureanitrogen(BUN),serumcreatinine(SCr),estimatedglomerularfiItrationrate(c~aGFR)intwogroupswascomparedrespectively.ResultsTheincidenceofmainutritionintwogroupswascompared,withnostatisticaldifference(P>0.05)•FBG,ALB,PA,HB,TCandTGintwogroupsbeforeandaftertrealmenlwascomparedrespectively,FBG,ALB,PA,IIB,TCandTGintwogroupswascomparedrespectively,withnostatisticaldifference(P>0.05).Aftertreatment,BUN,SCrinobservationgroupwas1owerthanthatincontrolgroupandbeforetreatmentrespectively,c~aGFRwashigherthanbeforetreatment,withstatisticaldifferenee(P<0.05)・ConclusionLowfatand1owproteindietisoneofthebasictreatmentsincomprehensivetreatmentofelderlypatientswithchronickidneydisease・[Keywords]Lowfatand1owproteindiet;Elderly;Chronickidneydisease近年来,慢性肾脏病(chronickidneydisease,CKD)的发病率呈迅速增长趋势,中国CKD流行病学调查数据显示,>40岁人群CKD的患病率为8%〜9%,随着人口老龄化,老年CKD患者增加迅猛,尤其是终末期肾病对家庭及社会造成巨大的经济负担。在CKD治疗中,营养膳食干预是一体化综合治疗中的基础治疗,本研究针对本院老年CKD患者进行低脂低蛋白营养干预,观察其在延缓疾病进展、减轻肾脏负担、改善症状等方面的效果。1资料与方法1.1一般资料根据WHO对老年人的定义,选取年龄>65岁,2012年10月〜2013年12月确诊的老年CKD3〜4期住院患者106例,男性62例,女性44例;年龄65〜85岁,平均(67.55土20.12)岁;病程6~10年;慢性肾盂肾炎肾病45例,慢性肾小球肾炎肾病48例,高血压肾病13例。改良的简化MDRD估算肾小球滤过率(c-aGFR)为15-58ml/(min?l.73m2),平均为26.64ml/min0诊断标准参考慢性肾病...