维持性血液透析患者现况调查【摘要】目的调查新疆巴州地区维持性血液透析患者的现状。方法选择2010年11月在我院血液净化中心行维持性血液透析的患者80例，用调查表登记患者年龄、性别、民族、原发病、透析次数、各项生化检测、病原学检查及透析间期浮肿、心衰发生情况，并建立数据库进行统计学分析。结果患者平均年龄52土16岁；男女比例2.1：1；汉族82.5%,维族16.3%,蒙族1.2%；原发病因慢性肾炎45.0%,糖尿病肾病36.3%；每周透析2次者占58.8%,每周透析少于2次者12.5%,每周3次者25%；透析间期浮肿及心衰症状发生率分别为51.3%和53.8%；血压未达标者65.0%；高钾血症患者占38.7%；低钙血症者61.3%；高磷血症71.2%；PTH^300pg/mL占55.6%；贫血占82.5%,其中重度贫血者7%,中度贫血者40.0%；结论新疆巴州地区血液透析患者以汉族为主，男性明显多于女性；原发病前两位分别是慢性肾炎及糖尿病。糖尿病肾病比例明显高于我国其他地区；75.0%患者透析不足12小时/周；透析间期浮肿、高血压、心衰发生比例较高；高血钾、低血钙、高血磷、继发性甲旁亢、贫血及营养欠佳等发生率高；经济困难及健康宣教不到位是透析不充分的主要原因。关键词：终末期肾病维持性血液透析现况调查Investigationofcurrentregionalstatusofmaintenancehe-modialysispatients[Keywords]Endstagerenaldisease；MaintenanceHemodialy-sis；CurrentStatusinvestigationObjective：ToinvestigatecurrentBazhouregionalstatusoft-hemaintenance-typehemodialysispatients.Methods：Eightypa-tientswereselectedasinvestigationobjects,whohadbeencarried-outthemaintenancehemodialysisattheBloodPurificationCenteri-nourhospitalduringNovember2010；80casesregisteredwiththe-questionnaireincludingpatientage,gender,ethnicity,primary-disease,frequencyofdialysis,variousbiochemicaltests,etiolog-icalinspection,dialysisintervaledemaandheartfailurecondi-tions；andadatabasewasestablishedforstatisticalanalysis.Re-sults：Theaverageageofpatientswas52±16yearsofagewithamale-to-femaleratioof2.1:1；TheproportionofethnicgroupswasHan82.5%,Uygur16.3%andMongolian1.2%；Theprimarydiseasewasdue-tochronicnephritis(45・0%)anddiabeticnephropathy(36.3%)；Dialysistreatmentfor2perweekaccountedfor58.8%,lessthan2per-weekwas12.5%and3perweekwas25%；intradialyticsymptomsofede-maandheartfailurerateswere51.3%and53.8%；therateofbloodpres-surenotreachedthestandardwas65.0%；Theproportionofhyper-kalemiainpatientswas38.7%；hypocalcemiaof61.3%andhyperphos-phatemiaof71.2%；PTHgreaterthan300pg/mLof55.6%；anemi-arateinobservedpatientsaccountedfor82.5%,ofwhich8.7%ofsev-ereanemia,40.0%ofmoderateanemia；Conclusion：Themajority-ofhemodialysispatientsinXin激angBazhouregionisHanChinese,thenumberofmalepatientswas-morethanthatoffemales；chronicnephritisanddiabetesdomi-natetheprimarydiseases・Therateofdiabeticnephropathywassig-nificantlyhigherthanotherregionsinChina；75.0percentofdialy-sispatientsweretreatedlessthan12hoursperweek；ahighpropor-tionofdialysisintervaledema,hypertensionorheartfailurewas-found,aswellasahighproportionofhyperkalemia,hypocalcemia,hy-perphosphatemia,secondaryhyperparathyroidism,anemiaandhigh-incidenceofpoornutrition；Economicdifficultiesandlack-ofhealtheducationmaybethemainreasonsofinadequatedialysis・：R459.5文献标识码：B：1004-7484(2011)06-0028-03近年来，我国终末期肾脏疾病(ESRD)进入透析人数呈上升趋势，目前有关于血液透析患者的现况调查以国外的资料为主，我国相关的数据还较为有限。为了解本地区ESRD进入维持性血液透析的患者的现况，本文对我院血液透析患者相关数据进行了分析，以供我国的流行病学调查参考。1对象与方法1.1研究对象2010年11月在我院血液净化中心行维持性血液透析的患者，排...