考点41短文填空之首字母填空首字母填空是根据句意和已给出的首字母，在句子的空白处填上适当的单词，使句子意思完整，语法正确的一种题型。该题型既考查学生的单词记忆和拼写能力，又考查学生对句子的理解和运用能力。1.跳过空格，不看选项，快速地阅读全文，从整体上感知全文，掌握大意，了解全篇的内容和要旨。快速阅读时宁粗勿细，切忌只盯住一个句子仓促解题，这样势必因胸无全局而误入歧途。快速阅读时，还要注意找出关键词，这些词在文中起支撑骨架的功能，抓住了关键词就抓住了故事的线索。特别是要重视首句，善于以首句的时态、语气为立足点，理清文脉推测全文时态、主题及大意。2.复读短文，确定语义，判断词形。把握短文大意后再认真复读短文，利用上下文的语境，结合所学过的知识，先确定空格处所需词语的意义，再根据空格在句子中的位置，判断其在句中充当的成分，从而确定所填词的词性，再依据词语搭配和语法规则，判断所填词的正确形式。如短文难度较大，尤其是难于选词时，从本句的前后观察中一时尚不得要领，就要进一步扩大到上下文中分析。3.三读短文，上下参照，验证答案。在短文的空白处分别填上一个词后，将完成的短文再细读一遍，上下参照，连贯思考。可从上下文内容是否协调一致、顺理成章，语法结构是否正确无误等进行综合验证，凡有疑问必须重新推敲考虑。Passage1短文填空Areyoulookingforsomethingfun?Wouldyouliketohelpotherpeopleinyours___1___time?Thenj___2___usandbeavolunteer!Weareanon-profitorganization.Wehavevolunteerjobsforpeopleofalla___3___.Anyone,fromtwelve-year-oldchildrentopeopleintheir80s,canbecomeavolunteer.Youcanhelppeopleinmanyw___4___.Schoolsneedhelpwithtakingcareofchildrenwhileparentsareworking.H___5___needvolunteerstolookafterchildrenwhiletheirparentsseeadoctor.Animalloverscanhelptakecareofthosedogsandcatsw___6___homes.Thereissomethingforeveryone.“Asavolunteer,Idon’twanttogetanything.Seeingthechildren’sh___7___faces,Iamhappy,too.”saidCarlos,aladyof62.“Ioftenplayedcomputergamesinmyfreetime,b___8___nowIhelpolderpeoplelearnhowtou___9___computers.”saidanothervolunteerattheageof18.Ifeveryonehelpsoutabit,we’llhaveab____10____worldtolivein.Passage2Weallpayattentiontoruraleducation(乡村教育)nowadays.Ithasbeenabigs____11____problemofChinarecently.B____12____inapoorfamilyinHunanprovince,34-year-oldHouChangliangknewhowharditisforachildinpoorvillagetogetgoodeducation.T____13____,hechosetovolunteertoteachatXiangyangprimaryschoolinapoorvillageinYunnanprovincefrom2017.Therewerejustthreeteachersforabout100studentsacrossfourclassesinXiangyangprimaryschool.Thegovernmentwantedtoclosetheschoolbecausetherearenoenoughteachers.C____14____theschoolmeantthatthestudentswouldhavetogotoanotherschoolfarfromtheirhomes.Hou’sarrivalhelpedkeeptheschoolopen.ItisthethirdvillageschoolthatHouhastaughtatsinceheg____15____fromHunanUniversityin2011.BeforeXiangyangprimaryschool,hehadtaughtinHechi,Guangxiforfouryears,andinBijie,Guizhouprovincefortwoyears.Asavolunteerteacher,hereceivesamonthlysalaryofabout800yuan.Thishasr____16____unchangedforthepast10years.“Thel____17____Istayedinthecountryside,thedeeperIunderstoodthechallengeinruraleducation.Ruralschoolsneedteachers,e____18____goodones.”Housaid,addingthatagoodteachercanmakearealdifferenceinastudent’slifeandcanevenchangethevillage.ThegoodnewsforvillageteacherslikeHouisthatthegovernmenthastakenactiontoimproveruraleducation,i____19____sendingmoreteacherstoless-developedareas,improvingthequalityofruralteachersbytraining,andimprovingsalaryofruralteachers.“Thereisstillalongwaytogotoimproveruraleducation.ButId____2...