2021届高考英语二轮复习讲练测专题专题5推理判断1.B【2020届湖北省华大新高考联盟高三1月教学质量测评】P.S.139,inBrooklyn,NewYork,hasaschoolgardenwherestudentsgrowtheirfavoritefruitsandvegetables.Italsohasaschoolcookbookfilledwithrecipesthatusethosefoods,aswellasatechnologyclub,asoccerclub,anartists'club,andateachers’lounge.AllofthisispartiallythankstoaprocesscalledPB．ThroughPB,students,parents,teachers,andP.S.139staffdecideeachyearhowtousesomeoftheschool’smoney.Overthepastthreeyears,P.S.139hasspentnearly$50,000thisway.Usually,onlyschoolleadersgettodecidehowtodistributeabudget,butPBletsothersweighin.ShariDavisisoneoftheheadsofthePBProject,anonprofitgroupbasedinNewYorkandCalifornia.''PBopensthedoorandinvitesfolkstoparticipateindecisions.Peoplewhoareclosesttotheproblemsinacommunityareoftenalsoclosesttosettlingthem.''shetoldTIMEforKids.TostartthePBprocess,membersofaschoolcommunitythinkaboutchangesthey’dliketosee.Thentheysubmittheirideastoacommittee.Itorganizestheideasintocompleteproposals(议案),whichincludethecostofeachproject.Lastly,everymembervotesforthewinningprojectsthatwillbesupportedfinancially.PBProjectco-founderJoshLernerhelpedbringtheapproachtoP.S.139.Hefindsthatleadersarepleasantlysurprisedbythewinningprojects,whichhelpthem''betterunderstandwhattheircommunitiesneed'',hesays.PBisn'tjustforschools.It’salsousedbycityandstategovernmentsaroundtheworld.NewYorkCityhasbeenusingPBsince2011.NewYorkershavespentmorethan$210millionthisway.They'veprovidedmoneyforplaygrounds,dogparks,andtreesforcitysidewalks,amongotherprojects.4．WhatisspecialaboutPB?A．Itallowsordinarypeopletoplayaroleindecisions.B．Itacceptsmoneyfromlocalgovernment.C．IthelpsPS.139buildaschoolgarden.D．Itfocusesmainlyonpublicschools5．WhatisthefirststepforthePBprocess?A．Applyingtotheheadmaster.B．Puttingforwardprojectideas.C．Gatheringmemberstovote.D．Makingaspecificbudge.6．HowdotheleadersinP.S.139feelabouttheagreedprojects?A．Proud.B．Shocked.C．Delighted.D．Embarrassed.7．Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?A．TointroducethePBapproach.B．Tobringupasocialproblem.C．Toofferproposalstocommunities.D．Tohelpleadersmakebetterpreparation.【答案】4．A5．B6．C7．A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了参与式预算（PB）的运行方式。4．细节理解题。第二段的Usually,onlyschoolleadersgettodecidehowtodistributeabudget,butPBletsothersweighin.可知，通常只有学校领导才能决定如何分配预算，但是PB让其他人参与进来（进行资金使用决策）。A.Itallowsordinarypeopletoplayaroleindecisions.(它允许普通人参与决策)符合以上说法，故选A项。5．细节理解题。根据第三段的TostartthePBprocess,membersofaschoolcommunitythinkaboutchangetheywouldliketosee.Thentheysubmittheirideastoacommittee.可知，为了启动PB，学校社区的成员考虑他们希望看到什么样的变化，然后把想法提交给委员会。由此可知，社区成员首先应该提出自己的想法。B.Puttingforwardprojectideas.(提出自己的想法)符合以上说法，故选B项。6．推理判断题。根据第四段的…leadersarepleasantlysurprisedbythewinningprojects,whichhelpthembetterunderstandwhattheircommunitiesneed可知，学校领导们对最后获胜的提案感到惊喜，这些提案帮助他们更好地了解到学校社区需要什么。由此推知，学校领导的心情应该是“高兴”。故选C项。7．推理判断题。根据文章第二段的AllofthisispartiallythankstoaprocesscalledPB.(所有这些都多亏了一个教PB的程序)；第二段的TostartthePBprocess,membersofaschoolcommunitythinkaboutchangesthey'dliketosee.(为了启动PB程...