GlobalBusinessTodayNinthEditionChapter4DifferencesinCultureChapterOutlineOPENINGCASE:BestBuyandeBayinChinaINTRODUCTIONWHATISCULTURE?ValuesandNormsCulture,Society,andtheNation-StateTheDeterminantsofCultureSOCIALSTRUCTUREIndividualsandGroupsSocialStratificationCountryFocus:UsingITtoBreakIndia’sCasteSystemRELIGIOUSANDETHICALSYSTEMSChristianityIslamCountryFocus:IslamicCapitalisminTurkeyHinduismBuddhismConfucianismManagementFocus:DMG-ShanghaiLANGUAGESpokenLanguageUnspokenLanguageEDUCATIONCULTUREANDBUSINESSCULTURALCHANGEFOCUSONMANAGERIALIMPLICATIONS©2016byMcGraw-HillEducation.Thisisproprietarymaterialsolelyforauthorizedinstructoruse.Notauthorizedforsaleordistributioninanymanner.Thisdocumentmaynotbecopied,scanned,duplicated,forwarded,distributed,orpostedonawebsite,inwholeorpart.60GlobalBusinessTodayNinthEditionChapter4Cross-CulturalLiteracyCultureandCompetitiveAdvantageSUMMARYCRITICALTHINKINGANDDISCUSSIONQUESTIONSCLOSINGCASE:WorldExpo2020inDubai,UAELearningObjectives1.Explainwhatismeantbythecultureofasociety.2.Identifytheforcesthatleadtodifferencesinsocialculture.3.Identifythebusinessandeconomicimplicationsofdifferencesinculture.4.Recognizehowdifferencesinsocialcultureinfluencevaluesintheworkplace.5.Demonstrateanappreciationfortheeconomicandbusinessimplicationsofculturalchange.ChapterSummaryThischapterbeginsbyintroducingtheconceptofculture.Thedeterminantsofcultureareidentified,whichincludereligion,politicalphilosophy,economicphilosophy,education,language,andsocialstructure.Thefirsthalfofthechapterfocusesontheinfluenceofsocialstructure,religion,language,andeducationonculture.ThesectiononreligionexplainstheeconomicimplicationsofChristianity,Islam,Hinduism,Buddhism,andConfucianism.Inaddition,GeertHofstede’smodelofhowasociety’scultureimpactsthevaluesfoundintheworkplaceispresented.AccordingtoHofstede,culturesvaryalongthelinesofpowerdistance,individualismversuscollectivism,uncertaintyavoidance,andmasculinityversusfemininity.Theconceptofethnocentricbehaviorisintroduced.Finally,theauthorreiteratesthepointthatthevaluesystemsandnormsofacountryinfluencethecostsofdoingbusinessinthatcountry.OpeningCase:BestBuyandeBayinChinaSummaryTheopeningcasedescribesChina’srapidgrowthinrecentyearsandthedevelopmentofwhatwillsoonbethelargestconsumermarketintheworld.By2020,Chinaisexpectedtohavesome190millionconsumersinthemiddle-andupper-incomecategories,andsignificantincreaseoverthe17millionpeopleinthesamecategoriesin2010.Thisincrediblegrowthhasattractedtheattentionofcompaniesfromaroundtheworld.U.S.companiesforexample,haveincreasedtheirexportstoChinaby542percentfrom2000-2011.Incomparison,U.S.exportstotherestofthe©2016byMcGraw-HillEducation.Thisisproprietarymaterialsolelyforauthorizedinstructoruse.Notauthorizedforsaleordistributioninanymanner.Thisdocumentmaynotbecopied,scanned,duplicated,forwarded,distributed,orpostedonawebsite,inwholeorpart.61GlobalBusinessTodayNinthEditionChapter4worldincreasedonly80percentoverthesametimeperiod.Discussionofthecasecanrevolvearoundthefollowingquestions:SuggestedDiscussionQuestionsQUESTION1:ReflectonthechangesinChina.CanthecountrycontinuetobeamanufacturingfloorfortherestoftheworldasmoreChinesemoveupintheirincomecategories?Whataretheimplicationsofthecountry’sincrediblegrowth?ANSWER1:China’seconomyhasbeengrowingbyleapsandboundinrecentyears.And,notonlyisthisgrowthpatter...