2017考研备考英语阅读题源经济学人文章：BuildingblocksNewhomes新家Buildingblocks添砖加瓦Thegovernmentmakesalameattempttoboosthouse-building政府促进房地产建设的步伐跌跌撞撞ASGEORGEOSBORNEpreparedtodeliverhisautumnstatement,onDecember2nd,DannyAlexander,hisLiberalDemocratdeputyattheTreasury,announcedaslewofinvestmentsininfrastructure.Theseincludedamuch-needed15billion(24billion)forroads,aswellas2.3billionforflooddefences.MrAlexandertriedtomakemuchofthecoalition'splansonhousing,too,trumpeting13,000newhomestobebuiltatBicester,atowninOxfordshire,whichwouldthenbedesignatedasagardencity.Thegovernmentwillneedtodomuchmore,however,tosolveBritain'shousingproblem.随着乔治·奥斯本准备发表其秋日宣言，12月2日，来自自由民主党的英国财政部第一副大臣丹尼·亚历山大宣布了拉动基础建设的投资计划。其中包括道路急需的150亿英镑(折合240亿美元)以及防洪的23亿英镑。亚历山大试图推动更多联邦计划在房屋上，吹嘘将在牛津郡的比斯特镇修建13000栋新房并将其建成花园城市。然而，要解决英国的房屋问题，政府仍需要做出更多努力。Onaverage,140,000homeshavebeenbuiltineachofthepastfouryears,farfewerthanthe240,000newhousesneededannually.Withsupplyconstrained,housepricescontinuetorise,by19%inLondonoverthepastyear.Thereisanestimateddeficitofasmanyas1mhouses.过去四年中，平均每年新建140,000座房屋，远远少于每年240，000座房屋生物的需求。由于供应有限，今年房屋价格仍然持续上涨了19%。据估计，英国房屋缺口高达100万。BicesterisinthearcnorthandwestofLondon'sgreenbeltthatisidealterritoryformorehouse-building:itisgoodforcommuterstothecapitalandotherhubsofemploymentsuchasOxfordandCambridge.Itisthearcwhere,afterthesecondworldwar,thegovernmentbuiltseveralgardencities—newtownsthatcombinedemploymentwithapleasantplacetolive.Bicesterhasgoodtransportlinksandplentyofbrownfieldland(mostofthenewhomeswillbeonlandnowownedbythedefenceministry).ItalsohasanMPwhosupportsmoreconstruction.比斯特位于伦敦绿化地带的北部和西部的弧形地区，是修建更多住宅区的理想地点：有利于上班族前往首都以及其他诸如牛津和剑桥之类的工作中心。自二战之后，政府在这片弧形区域修建了一些花园城市——适合工作和居住的新型城镇。比斯特拥有良好的交通网和大量肥沃的土地(这块领域中大多数新住宅区现在属于国防部)。还有一位国会议员支持更多的建筑项目。YettheBicesterhousesare“notevenadropintheocean,”saysPaulCheshireoftheLondonSchoolofEconomics.Thepoliticiansarejustgoingthroughthemotions,hesays.“Thisispoliticalwindowdressing.”Andthatisassumingthehomesevengetbuilt.Constructionattheotherrecentattempttofashionanewgardencity—inEbbsfleet,south-eastofLondon—hasbarelybegun.然而，伦敦经济学院的保罗·切希尔表示，比斯特镇的房屋量过少，甚至都算不上是“沧海一粟”。政治家们不过是做做样子而已，“这是政治粉饰太平的一种方式”。即使建造了房屋也不过如此。而在伦敦东南的艾贝斯费特镇建立新式花园城市的计划甚至还未起步。LocalsinBicesterarenotpleased,either,raisingfamiliarconcernsaboutcrowdedschools,badtrafficandstretchedhealthcare.“Wedon'tevenhaveaproperhospital,”saysClaire,ahairdresser.“Howarewegoingtosupport13,000morehomes?”比斯特的当地人对此并不高兴，大多越来越担忧学校拥挤、交通堵塞和看病时间会延长。发型师克莱尔说，“我们甚至都没有足够大的医院，怎么支撑13000多户人家的正常运转呢?”Meanwhile,MrAlexandersuggestedanothersolutiontothelackofhousing:thefirstgovernmentinvolvementinhouse-buildinginageneration.HeannouncedapilotschemenearCambridgetobuild10,000newhomes,warningdevelopers,“Ifyoudon'tbuild,wewill.”与此同时，...