关于完善中国新型农村居民养老保险体系探究[Abstract]InChina,farmersareahugevulnerablegroup.Thedevelopmentofruralpublicserviceisslowerthaninurbanarea,especiallyonelderlycare・Toprovidesocialprotectionforfarmersandguaranteetheirqua!ityoflifecanreducepoverty，improveold-agesecurityinruralandurbanareaintegrated.Newpensionsystemforruralresidentswasestablishedin2009.ThisresearchattemptstoprovideareferenceforpolicymakersinChina・Afour-roundDelphiTechniquewasdesignedtoanswerwhataretheareasforimprovementthatcanbeproposedforNewPensionSystemforRuralResidentsinChinaandhowaretheareasofimprovementranked・[摘要]在中国，农民是一个数量庞大的弱势群体。农村的公共服务建设落后于城市，尤其是在养老保障方面。为农民提供社会保护和保障其生活质量，有利于在农村和城市地区减少贫困、改善老年生活状况。2009年，在中国建立了新型农村居民养老保险体系。本研究旨在为中国的政策制定者提供参考。为此本研究采用了四轮德尔菲法，以探讨中国新型农村居民养老保险体系中可以完善的领域，以及这些领域的优先次序。［Keywords］pensionsystem；ruralresident；---本文来源于网络，仅供参考，勿照抄，如有侵权请联系删除---DelphiTechnique；areasforimprovement［关键词］养老保险体系；农村居民；德尔菲法；提升空间［中图分类号JF840［文献标识码］A［文章编号11005-6432(2014)4-0124-051INTRODUCTIONChinahasapopulationof1.3billion,ofwhich,around66%areruralresidents(ChinaStatisticalYearbook,2010).ElderlycareofruralresidentsisaheavyburdenforChinesegovernment.InChina,elderlycare,includingeconomysupportandservicesupport,canbedividedintoinformalsystem，suchasfamilysupportelderlycareandself-supportelderlycare,andformalsystem，suchasendowmentinsurance，welfareandsocialassistance(HuangandHe,1998)・ThehistoryofChinasocialsecurityshowsthattheelderlycaresystemistransformingcontinuouslyfrominformaltoforma1.However，thedevelopmentofformalelderlycaresysteminruralareaisslowerthaninurbanarea.Comnionly,inruralarea,family-supportedelderlycare(traditionalmode)isthemosteffectivemode・Becausethereisareciprocalrelationshipbetweenthefamilymembers,theywillhelpandsupporteachother.Eutthedualprocessesofrapidi---本文来源于网络，仅供参考，勿照抄，如有侵权请联系删除---ndustrializationandurbanizationmayhaveadetrimeritaleffectontheabilityofthefamilytooffersupporttothemorevulnerablemembers・Theolderpeopleintheruralareasleftbehindbythemigrationoftheyoungtourbanareasinsearchofemploymentaremostatrisk(Cheng,2006)・Thetraditionalelderlycaremode,whichisbasedonfamilysupport，cannothandlethesocialrisks；thusamoreeffectiveandadequateelderlycaresystemisneeded,thatisthereasonwhythegradualtransformationfromtheinformalmodetotheformalmode・Chinaisnowintheprocessofcompletingthistransformation.Asfamiliesgetsmaller,thegroupofruralresidentsbreaksup；landresourcegetsscarce,thesurplusvalueofagriculturebecomeslimited；aginginruralareagrowsfasterthaninurbanarea・Alloftheseissuesleadtotheinadequacyoffamilysupportandtheinabilityofthetraditionallyinformalelderlycaresystemtomeetruralresidentsneed(Wang,2006).Assuch,theacademiaandtheChinesegovernmentbothrealizedthatitsveryimportantandnecessarytosetupaformalelderlycaresystem.Foralongtime,themainfocusofChinesesocialsecurityreformisurbanarea・---本文来源于网络，仅供参考，勿照抄，如有侵权请联系删除---Intheplannedeconomysystem,Chinatookulowwages,highwelfare"policytodevelopheavyindustry(Lin,1999).In1951,ChinaissuedLaborIn...