外文翻译…GIS在中国的发展前景PerspectivesonGISDevelopmentinChinaResearchesandapplicationsofGeographicInformationSystems(GIS)inChinastartedintheearly1980s.Tntheearlyperiod,thedevelopmentofGTSwasmainlydependedontheprogressandapplicationsofremotesensing,aerialphotography,aswellascomputeraideddesign(CAD).Tnrecentyears,withthedevelopmentofGPSandTnternettechnology,GTShasbeingdevelopedvigorouslyinthecountry.Lookingaheadtothe21stcentury,aneweraof"DigitalEarth〃and"Cyberspace"iscoming,whichwillprovideagreatopportunityaswellasachai1engetotheChina'八'sGTScircles.1.ProgressPaceofGISResearchesofGISinChinacandatebacktotheearly1980.Atthattime,aremotesensingapplicationprojectwasbeingcarriedoninSouthwestChinaandusingGISmethodintegratedwithremotesensingdatatosolvetheareameasurementautomaticallywasinitiated.AfterthefirstsuccessfultestofGTS,aproposaltostartGTSresearchwasproposedintheChineseAcademyofSciences(CAS)•SincethenagreatsuccesshasbeenachievedbothinresearchandapplicationofGTSinChina.Whi1e\tshistoryorprogresspacecanbedividedintofourperiods.From1981-1985,itistheinitialperiodofGISinChina.Duringthisperiod,GISwasmainlykeepinresearchandexperimentalstage,anumberofscientistsinCASandsomehighlearninginstitutesstartedtofollowthetracksofGISdevelopmentinworld.WiththesupportoftheStateScienceandTechnologyCommission(SSTC)andCAS,anumberofresearchprojectswereinitiatodandconducted,leadingtobuildupsometypicalcaseinformationsystems.Inthisperiodfivesystematicalandexperimentalresearcheshadbeenconducted・Thosearegeo-datacapturemethods,regionalinformationsystemmodeling,nationalbasicgeographicdatabasesbuilding,developmentofgeo----本文来源于网络，仅供参考，勿照抄，如有侵权请联系删除---analysissoftwareandnationalgeographicdatastandardsandspecifications・WhilethemostinfluentialoneofthoseresearcheswastheformulationofadraftGIStechnologyspecification,inwhichover50scientistsandspecialistshadbeeninvolved.ThefirstStateKeyLaboratoryofGISwassetupintheInstituteofGeography,CAS,providinganopenandnewtyperesearchlaboratoryspecializedinGISinthecountry.Also,alargenumberofGISpersonnelhadgottrained,andsomeofthemareleadingedgespecialiststoday.Inthe1986-1990period,theimportanceofGIStechnologyhadbeengenerallygotrecognizcdbygovornmentalofficialsatdifforentlevels,andmorescientistsstartedtoadoptthistechnologyasatoolfortheirresearches.IncarryingoutastatekeyresearchprogramonremotesensingapplicationsupportedbytheStatePlanningCommissionandSSTC,anationallevelGISresearchprojectwasinitiatedwithintheprogram.Theprojectwasmainlyfocusedonfloodforecastingandpreventionmethods,soilorosiononLoessPlateauandThreeNorthForestBelt.Theobjectsoftheseresearchesweretoprovideregionalplarmingandmanagementaswellasdecision-makingservicestothegovernments.Also,duringthisperiod,somenationallevelsystems,suchasnationalbasicresourcedatabase,landresourcesdatabase,mineralresourcesandforestresourcedatabaseshadbeenbuiltup.Itshouldbenoticcdthatthebuilclingofthesesystemswasundertheplariningeconomicsystem.Atthisperiodallthebuiltsystemswereinthedomainofpublicwelfareandsupportedbythegovernmen询1funds.TherewasnoideaaboutGISindustry.Besidepersonneltrainingandresearchsitesbuilding,theachievementsofthisperiodincludethefollowingtwoaspects:(1)Alargenumberofgeographicrelateddatabaseshadbeendesignedandbidlt,including1:1millionChinalandresourcesinfonnationsyste...