论中国电子产品制造业绿色供应链管理的困境与对策摘要文章阐述了电子产品制造业绿色供应链的内涵及其相关国际标准，通过将笔者的亲身工作经历和典型企业的绿色供应链推行实践过程相结合，提出了针对我国电子产品制造业如何解决自身发展将要面临的电子废弃物等问题的对策建议。根据绿色供应链在电子产品制造业中实践的现状，笔者认为：现阶段国内电子制造业推进绿色供应链的最主要障碍在于“知识产权保护”和“信息回溯制度”。“知识产权保护”就是要切实保护企业、个人、集体的产权利益，加大对侵权行为的惩处力度；“信息回溯制度”就是要通过现代信息手段，对产品从原材料开始到终端报废过程的整体信息进行收集和监管，保证原材料正规化，生产过程规范化、废弃物处理无害化。认清这两个关键点是着手解决我国电子制造业绿色供应链构建过程所遇到的信息不对称，传统供应链制约、监管缺乏执彳亍力、产品同质化、废弃物回收等问题的重耍切入点。关键词：绿色供应链；电子制造业；电子废弃物；欧盟绿色指令；知识产权；信息回溯ThePlightoftheGreenSupplyChainManagementofChina，sElectronicProductManufacturingIndustryandSolutionAbstractThisdissertationdiscussestheconnotationoftheGreenSupplyChainoftheElectronicProductsManufacturingIndustryandrelevantinternationalstandards.Basedonacombinationoftheauthor'spersonalworkingexperiencesandtheimplementationofGreenSupplyChainoftypicalenterprises,itprovidessuggestionsonhowtosolvetheproblemsthatcouldbeencounteredwithinthedevelopmentoftheelectronicmanufacturingindustry,liketheelectronicwaste.AccordingtothecuixentimplementationsituationofGreenSupplyChainintheelectronicmanufacturingindustry,itisconsideredthatcuri'entlythemainrestrainttothepromotionofGreenSupplyChaininelectronicmanufacturingindustiyinChinaliesintwoaspects,IntellectualPropertyRightprotectionandinformationtraceabilitysystem.FortheIntellectualPropertyRightprotection,theinterestofpropertyrightofenterprises,individuals,andcollectivesshouldbeprotectedsubstantially,andanyinfringementshouldbesubjecttosevererpunishment.Informationtraceabilitysystemshouldcollecttheoverallinformationthroughouttheproductlifecycle,fromtherawmaterialtoproductdiscard,andsupervisethewholeprocessbymodeminformationtechnology.Thisaimstorealizethenormalizationofthesourcematerials,thestandardizationoftheproduction,andthesafedisposalofthewaste.ThesetwoaspectsarethekeystosolveaseriesofproblemsencounteredinthebuildupoftheGreenSupplyChainintheelectronicproductmanufacturingindustryinChina,suchasinformationasymmetry,traditionalsupplychainrestraint,insufficientexecutivecapacityinsupervision,producthomogenization,wasterecycle,andsoon.Keywords:greensupplychain,electronicproductmanufacturingindustry,electronicwaste,Europeangreendirectives,intellectualpropertyright,informationtraceability弓|言................................................5一、晶供应链概述........................................................6(~)电子产品制造行业绿色供应链的内涵..................................6(-)电子产品制造行业绿色供应链的构成...................................71.产品设计.......................................................72.物料采购.......................................................83.产品儒造.......................................................84.商品储运和销售.................................................95.商品消费.......................................................96.废弃物处置与资源回收...........................................9(....................................电子产品的主要环境保护认...