采砂坑纵剖面尺寸对卵石河道河床演变影响的数值试验——以石亭江双盛段为例于合理,夏叶,王之晗,黄尔*(四川大学水力学与山区河流开发保护国家重点实验室水利水电学院,四川成都610065)摘要:人类活动与河流的河床演变形态、河相关系息息相关,人类活动使得山区河流在河道形态、泥沙运动等方面会发生一系列的变化,近些年建筑用沙需求量剧增,人们大量采挖河沙,改变了河流原有的河床边界,对河流的演变产生了诸多影响。研究河道采砂对河床演变的影响具有重要的学术及实践意义。本文依托HEC-RAS泥沙计算模块,以石亭江双盛段为研究对象,结合野外调查实际情况,拟定数种采砂坑工况,研究采砂坑纵剖面尺寸对河道河床演变的影响。根据资料和野外调查情况,首先,拟定HEC-RAS河道模型断面及水流和泥沙边界条件,然后在采砂方量及采沙坑宽度相同的条件下,拟定5种不同纵剖面尺寸(深长比)的采砂坑,利用HEC-RAS泥沙计算模块进行数值模拟试验,对试验结果中河道主槽深泓点高程及断面沖淤量数据进行了统计和分析。结果表明:人工采砂对河床整体的下切起促进作用,长浅型采砂坑比短深型采砂坑更能促进河床下切;采砂坑上下游河床下切变化不同,随着采砂坑深长比的增大,上游河床下切深度减小,而下游下切深度呈现先减小后增大的趋势;采沙坑会改变河道局部坡度,采砂坑上游河道局部坡度增大,下游河道局部坡度减小。本次试验研究了不同纵剖面尺寸采砂坑存在时,河床演变的变化状况,结论可对涉河工程的防护与设计及流域采砂规划提供一定的参考。关键字:采砂坑;深长比;河床演变;数值模拟中图分类号:TV14文献标志码:ANumericalSimulationStudyonEffectofDifferentLongitudinalProfileDimensionsofSandPitonRiverbedEvolutionofPebbleChannel——ACaseofShuangshengSectionofShitingRiverYUHeli,XIAYe,WANGZhihan,HUANGEr*(StateKeyLab.ofHydraulicsandMountainRiverEng.,CollegeofWaterResource&Hydropower,SichuanUniv.,Chengdu610065,China)Abstract:Humanactivitiesarecloselylinkedtotheriverbedevolutionandthehydraulicgeometryofriver,whichmakethemountainsriveraseriesofchangeinmorphologyandsedimentmovement.Inrecentyears,withtherapidincreaseinthedemandforbuildingsand,peopleminedriversandonalargescale,whichchangedtheoriginalriverbedboundaryconditionofriversandhadconsiderableimpactonriverbedevolution.Studyingtheinfluenceofsandminingontheriverbedevolutionofrivershasimportantacademicandpracticalsignificance.BasedontheHEC-RASsedimentcalculationmodule,incombinationwiththepracticalfieldinvestigation,thenumericalsimulationhadseveralkindsofsandpitsinordertostudytheinfluenceofdifferentlongitudinalprofiledimensionsofsandpitontheriverbedevolutionofrivers.Accordingtothedataandthepracticalfieldinvestigation,firstlytheexperimentprotocoledHEC-RASsectiondistributionofnumericalmodelandboundarycondition.Andthenontheconditionthatthevolumeandwidthofsandpitwasalmostsame,fivekindsofsandpitswithdifferentdepth-lengthratiowassetup.AftersimulationbyHEC-RASsedimentcalculationmodule,thedataofthereachlongitudinalprofileandsedimenterosionordepositionofeverysectionwerecountedandanalyzed.Theresultsindicatedthaterosionofriverbedwerepromotedbyartificialsandminingandnegativerelatedtodepth-lengthratioofsandpit.Inaddition,withtheincreaseofdepth-lengthratio,thaterosionofupstreamdeclined,whileerosionofdownstreamwasdifferent*收稿日期:基金项目:“强人类活动影响下山区性河道演变与水沙输移互馈机制研究”(2016YFC0402302);“地震灾区河道来沙特性突变与河床响应机理研究”(51579163)作者简介:于合理(1993—),男,硕士生,研究方向:水力学及河流动力学.E-mail:yudaheli@sina.com*通信联系人E-mail:huang_er@scu.edu.cn网络出版时间:必预留十个五号字空位网络出版地址:whichdeclineda...