[经典]儿童咳嗽变异性哮喘62例临床分析儿童咳嗽变异性哮喘62例临床分析[摘要]目的:探讨儿童咳嗽变异性哮喘的临床特点和治疗效果。方法:选择本院2007年9月〜2009年9月咳嗽变异性哮喘患儿62例,分析其临床表现、体检、实验室检查、误诊情况。全部患儿诊断明确后,立即给予抗哮喘治疗:雾化吸入布地奈德混悬液、给予复方异丙托漠氨、氯雷他定;怀疑患儿有支原体感染,可加用阿奇霉素;对于重症儿童要同时吸入沙丁胺醇等。结果:本组患儿实施治疗后,其中有42例患儿治疗5d内咳嗽消失;13例患儿用药3d后咳嗽明显减轻,但用药7d咳嗽消失;7例患儿用药7d咳嗽减轻,口服泼尼松每天1mg/kg,每天2次,14d内患儿咳嗽症状消失。结论:儿童慢性咳嗽时耍排除咳嗽变异性哮喘,一旦确诊为咳嗽变异性哮喘,耍根据哮喘的治疗原则进行规范化治疗,降低哮喘的发生率。[关键词]咳嗽变异性哮喘;儿童;慢性咳嗽[中图分类号]R725.6E文献标识码]C[文章编号]1674-4721(2010)06(c)-038-02Clinicalanalysisof62childrenwithcoughvariantasthmaXIECheng(ThePeople*sHospitalofPuningCity,GuangdongProvince,Puning515300,China).Abstract]0bjective:Toexploretheclinicalcharacterandclinicalefficacyofchildcoughvariantasthma・Methods:62childrenwithcoughvariantasthmawereelectedfromSeptember2007toSeptember2009,analyzetheclinicalmanifestations,physicalexaminationandlaboratoryexamination,misdiagnosis・Afterallthepatientswerediagnosisedascoughvariantasthma.Theyweretreatedwithasthmatherapy:aerosolinhalationofbudesonidesuspension,ipratropiumbromide,loratadine,childrenwithsuspectedmycoplasmainfectiontreatedwithazithromycin,severecasestreatedwithinhalationofsalbutamo1.Results:Aftertreatment,thecoughin42casesdisappearedin5days;thecoughin13casesmarkedlyalleviatedin3days,andthecoughdisappearedin7days;thecoughin7casesmarkedlyalleviatedin7days,andprednisonewastreatedwith1mg/kg,twotimesaday,thecoughdisppearedin14days・Conclusion:Coughvariantasthmashouldbeexcludedwhenchildrenhavechroniccough,coughvariantasthmaisdiagnosisedclearly,thestandardizedtreatmentshouldbedoneaccordingtotheruleofasthmatherapy,andreducetheincidenceofasthma・[Keywords]Coughvariantasthma:Chi1d;Chroniccough咳嗽变异性哮喘(CVA)以慢性咳嗽为唯一或主要的临床表现,表现为顽固性咳嗽,夜间和(或)清晨加重,持续时间较长,抗牛素治疗无效,严重影响患儿的生活质量,给家长造成了极大的困扰,并导致药物的滥用,且发病率有逐年上升的趋势。近年來,CVA作为哮喘的一种特殊类型已得到普遍认可,其本质是气道慢性炎症、气道反应性增高及一定程度的气道重构。本文选择木院62例咳嗽变异性哮喘患儿,分析其临床表现等特点,现报道如下:1资料与方法1.1一般资料选择本院2007〜2009年9月咳嗽变异性哮喘患儿62例,以上患儿中,男36例,女26例,年龄12个月~3岁19例,4〜6岁31例,7~12岁12例,患儿病程1〜17个月,1.2临床表现本组62例患儿均有咳嗽症状,其中干咳27例,刺激性咳嗽11例,咳而有痰24例,咳嗽发作时间,夜间和清晨咳重者41例,夜间咳重者9例,清晨咳重者12例;62例均有运动后加重表现;家族中有过敏史17例,个人过敏史45例,其中湿疹37例,尊麻疹4例,过敏性鼻炎4例。既往均无哮喘发作史。1.3体检及实验室检查40例嗜酸粒细胞比率>4%,36例血清总IgE异常。62例均可见咽充血。肺部听诊47例正常,15例呼吸音粗糙。41例行胸片检查,其中33例正常,8例双肺纹理增粗。本组患者C反应蛋白、抗结核抗体、支原体抗体检查等试验为阴性。1.4误诊情况來木院就诊前,27例患儿支气管炎,14例误诊为反复呼吸道感染,7例误诊为支气管肺炎,4例误诊为慢性咽炎,2例患者误诊为百日咳。其中有21例患者误诊为2种以上疾病。1.5治疗方法本组全部患儿诊断明确后,立即给予抗哮喘治疗,雾化吸入布地奈德混悬液,W5岁儿童每次0.5mg,>5岁儿童每次1mg,每天1~3次;给子复方异内•托澳氨,W5岁每次1mg,>5岁儿童每次2mg,每...