消化道肿瘤手术患者照顾者照护知识需求调查及影响因素分析陆昕昀仲骏摘要：目的了解消化道腫瘤手术患者照顾者照护知识需求情况，分析影响照顾者照护知识需求的相关因素。方法方便抽样选取上海市某三甲医院2018年10月1日～2019年4月30日普通外科病房收治的消化道肿瘤手术患者照顾者作为研究对象，通过自设问卷，收集患者及照顾者基本信息，使用《外科手术患者主要照顾者照护需求问卷》调查出院后照顾者的照护知识需求水平和特征。通过单因素和多因素分析影响照顾者照护知识需求水平的相关因素。结果①共发放问卷198份，回收有效问卷198份。②消化道肿瘤患者年龄（63.60±9.70）岁，平均住院时间（15.15±4.67）d。照顾者年龄（48.45±12.37）岁，既往有照护经历者122人（61.62%），照顾者平均每日间接经济损失（411.66±625.87）元。③消化道肿瘤手术患者照顾者照护知识需求排名前三的条目分别为“需要了解患者可能出现的不适及应对方法”“需要了解出现异常情况的一些迹象”及“需要了解患者饮食调理的相关知识”。多因素分析显示，照顾者年龄、是否有照护经历、照顾者身体状况、患者术前是否需要长期照护、照顾者人数及住院期间是否聘请护工为照顾者照护知识需求水平的主要影响因素。结论临床护士在工作中应重视消化道肿瘤照顾者的照护知识需求，针对不同患者和照顾者，制定更加合理的宣教方案和出院计划，落实延续护理，促进患者康复。关键词：消化道肿瘤;照顾者;知识需求;影响因素：R473.73：ADOI：10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2019.19.021：1006-1959（2019）19-0071-05InvestigationontheNeedsofCaregivers'CareKnowledgeandAnalysisofInfluencingFactorsinPatientswithDigestiveTractCancerSurgeryLUXin-yun，ZHONGJun（DepartmentofNursing，ZhongshanHospital，FudanUniversity，Shanghai200032，China）Abstract：ObjectiveTounderstandtheneedsofcaregivers'careknowledgeinpatientswithdigestivetractcancersurgery，andtoanalyzetherelevantfactorsthataffectthecaregiver'sknowledgeneeds.MethodsAcross-sectionalsurveymethodwasadoptedtofacilitatetheselectionofcaregiversofgastrointestinalcancerpatientsadmittedtothegeneralsurgicalwardfromOctober1st，2018toApril30th，2019inShanghai.Basicinformationonpatientsandcaregivers，using"theSurgicalPatientPrimaryCaregiverCareNeedsQuestionnaire"toinvestigatethelevelandcharacteristicsofcareneedsofcaregiversafterdischarge.Factorsthatinfluencethelevelofcaregivercareknowledgeneedsthroughsinglefactorandmultivariateanalysis.Results①Atotalof198questionnairesweredistributedand198validquestionnaireswerereturned.②Theageofpatientswithdigestivetractcancerwas（63.60±9.70）yearsold，andtheaveragehospitalstaywas（15.15±4.67）d.Theageofthecaregiverwas（48.45±12.37）yearsold，and122people（61.62%）hadpreviouscareexperience.Theaveragedailyindirecteconomiclossofthecaregiverwas（411.66±625.87）yuan.③Thetopthreeitemsofcaregivercareneedsofpatientswithdigestivetractcancersurgeryare"needtounderstandthepossiblediscomfortandcopingmethodsofpatients""needtounderstandsomesignsofabnormalconditions"and"needtoknowtherelevantknowledgeofpatients'dietconditioning".Multivariateanalysisshowedthattheageofthecaregiver，whethertherewasacareexperience，thephysicalconditionofthecaregiver，whetherthepatientrequiredlong-termcarebeforesurgery，thenumberofcaregiversandwhetherthecareworkerwashiredduringthehospitalizationperiodwasthemaininfluencingfactorforthecaregiver'slevelofknowledgeneeds.ConclusionClinicalnursesshouldpayattentiontothecareneedsofgastrointestinalcancercaregiversintheirwork，andformulatemorereasonablemissionplansanddischargeplansfordifferentpatientsandcaregiverstoimplementcontinuouscareandpromotepati...