句子的基本结构：主谓Thesunrises.主谓宾Thesunlovesthemoon.主谓宾宾Thesuntellsthemoonastory.主系表Thesunisstrong.主谓宾补Themoonconsidersthesunvulgar.（补语的形式）（见补语的形式文档）表达意义更加精确基本结构+附属成分2.时态/语态/情态(1)基本结构+附属成分定语：状语：Thefadedflowerscoveredtheground.凋零的花铺满大地。Isawhiminthepart.(2)时态/语态/情态常用时态：不同谓语形式体现时态上的差别一般现在：（1）主语+动词Heoftengoesshopping.否定:主语+do/does+not+动词Hedoesnotgoshopping.（2）主语+beSheisgorgeous.否定：主语+be+notSheisnotgorgeous.一般将来IwillgotoShanghaiforbusinesstomorro否定：主语+will+not+动词IwillnotgotoShanghaiforbusinesstomorro一般过去：Hefailedintheexam.Iwasillyesterday.否定形式：主+didnot+动词Hedidnotfallintheexam.主+was/werenot+动词Iwasnotillyesterday.现在进行：Thespringiscoming.Thespringisnotcoming现在完成：Ihavefixedthecomputerforthegirl.Ihavenotbeenabroad.语态：被动语态：谓语体现时态上的差别(被动语态，不突出动作的发出者，更加客观，更加简洁)（谓语的形式：be+done）寺庙始建于1863年。Thetemplewasbuiltin1863.ParentalDiscretionisadvised事故中200人丧生。200peoplewerekilledintheaccident.MissLeelovesherstudentsandislovedbyherstudents.名词性句子：目的：完整具体的表达句子意义（不通过改变谓语）句子====名词中文：凤姐很美是不可能的。A:Sisterphoenixisbeautiful.B:sthisimpossible.Sisterphoenixisbeautiful.(句子)thatsisterphoenixisbeautiful(名词)Thatsisterphoenixisbeautifulisimpossible.完整的句子前+that（语法上：名词化/意义上：无意义）价格上涨让我难受。Thepricewillrise.Thatthepricewillrisemakesmerestless.(*Itmakesmesadthatthepricewillrise.)ThatDanielwumarriedLisa.ThatDanielwumarriedLisabrokemyheart.ItbrokemyheartthatDanielwumarriedlisa.（that,when,how,why,where,if,whether）Wherepricesroseisuncertain.Idonotknowsth.Idonotknowwhetheryouloveme.ThisplaceiswhereImetheryesterday.杭州是我邂逅林志玲的地方。HangzhouiswhereIbrieflyencounteredLinZhilin.ThisiswhyIwillspendallmylifeinlovingyou.Sheislivingahappylife.Sth.Makessb.Content.Thatsheislivingahappylifemakeshimcontent.Itmakeshimcontentthatsheislivingahappylife.Heaskedifhisoperationwassuccessful.HowBillwonthepriceisunknown.Idonotknowwhyhedidnotgotoschool.Ithinkthatyoushouldreadthisbook.Hesaidthathecouldfinishhisworkbeforesupper.HesuggestedthatweshouldcleanthewindoHetoldmethathewouldleavetomorroNooneknowshowheheardthenews.IhavenotdecidedwhetherIwillgoabroad.Thepoliceaskedmehowtheaccidenthappened.Hedidn'ttellmewhenwewouldmeetthegirl.Pleasetellmewhereyoureadthenews.Noneofusknowswherewecanbuythis.Scientistspointoutthattheearthisgettingwarmerandwarmer.TellmewhentheshipsailsforNewYork.Thatyoudidnotfinishedtheworkmademeunhappy.Iknewwherehelivesandthatheislivingahappylife.杭州是人们将之称为人间天堂的地方。(what,who)的句子名词化what，who先替换，后提前Helikesgirls.Idonotknowwholikesgirls.whohelikes(名词性)whatisinthebox（名词性）Iwanttoknowwholikesgirls.Billaskedwholikesgirls.Iwanttoknowwhatisinthebox.pleaseputthemedicineontheshelf.It’s__where__ourchildrencan’treachit.Itcouldbejudgedfromhereyes__that____shewasterriblysorryfor__what___shehaddone.—Wouldyoupleaseexplaintomeaboutthedifferencebetweenthetwowords?—I’msorry,butthat’s___what___I'mpuzzledabout.______What__surprisesusisthatshedoesn’tevenknowthedifferencebetweenthetwoopinionsYoushouldbelieveyourcourageis__what____makesadifference.Thecompaniesareworkingtogethertocreate___what___will...