专题01冠词、名词、一、2021年高考真题1.（2021年全国乙卷语法填空）Ecotourismiscommonlyregardedaslowimpact(影响)traveltoundisturbedplaces.Itisdifferentfromtraditionaltourismbecauseitallowsthetravelertobecomeeducatedabouttheareas-bothintermsofgeographicalconditionsandculturalcharacteristics,andoftenprovidesmoneyforconservationandbenefitsthe___62___(develop)ofthelocalareas.…..Dueto___65___growingpopularityofenvironmentally-relatedandadventuretravel,varioustypesoftripsarenowbeingclassifiedasecotourism.Actually,atrueeco-friendlytripmustmeetthefollowingprinciples:【答案】62.development65.the【解析】62.考查名词。句意：这不同于传统的旅游，因为它能让旅行者了解这个地区——无论是地理环境还是文化特色，并且经常为环境保护提供资金，并有利于当地的发展。根据空格前的定冠词the可知，此处填入名词development来做动词benefits的宾语。故填development。65.考查冠词。句意：由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填冠词。再结合空格后“growingpopularityofenvironmental-relatedandadventuretravel”可知，此处特指与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，所以应填定冠词the。故填the。2.（2021年全国乙卷短文改错）Ilovedoinghousework.Ialwaysassistmyparentsindoingthedishaftermeals…..【答案】dish→dishes【解析】考查名词单复数。句意：饭后我总是帮助父母洗碗。固定短语“dothedishes”译为“洗餐具”。故将dish改为dishes。3.（2021年新高考全国1卷语法填空）Whatissobreathtakingabouttheexperienceistheout-of-this-worldscenes.Therollingseaofcloudsyouseeonceyouareatthetopwillremindyouhowtinywe____57____(human)are.……Asthesonggoes,thislongandwindingroad“willneverdisappear”,anditwillalwaysstickinthevisitor’smemory.Itsuredoesinmine.Whileyou’reinChina,MountHuangshanis____65____musttovisit!【答案】57.humans65.a【解析】57.考查名词复数。句意：当你站在黄山山顶看见波涛汹涌般的云海，你会想到我们人类是多么的渺小。human是we的同位语，we为复数，应用human的复数形式。故填humans。62.考查冠词。句意：当你在中国的时候，黄山是一个你一定要去的地方。must作名词时，意为“绝对必要的事物”，为可数名词，此处泛指“一个必须去的地方”，应用不定冠词，must是以辅音音素开头的词，应用a。故填a。4.（2021年全国甲卷语法填空）WehiredourbikesfromtherentalplaceattheSouthGate.Mybikewasoldandshakybutdidthejob.Ittookusabout3hourstogoall___48___wayaroundtheXi'anCityWall.Supposedlyyoucandoitintwohours,butwestoppedatthedifferentgatesand___49___(watchtower)tofakepicturesorjusttowatchthelocalpeoplegoingabouttheirdailyroutines.【答案】48.the49.watchtowers【解析】48.考查冠词。句意：我们绕着西安城墙走了大约3个小时。结合句意表示“一直；完全地”可知短语为alltheway，故用定冠词the限定名词way。故填the。49.考查名词复数。句意：据说你可以在两个小时内完成，但我们在不同的大门和了望台停下来拍照，或者只是看当地人进行他们的日常生活。根据句意以及前文形容词different可知，此处可数名词watchtower是复数概念，应用其复数形式。故填watchtowers。5.（2021年全国甲卷短文改错）Manystudentssaytheywilltalktotheirfriendorclassmatesbecausethey'reofthesameageandcanunderstandeachother.【答案】friend→friends【解析】考查名词复数。句意：许多同学说他们会和他们的朋友说或同学讲，因为他们是同龄人，能彼此理解。friend“朋友”为可数名词，结合句中their，所以此处要用复数。故friend改为friends。6.（2021年浙江卷语法填空）In1844theyboughtitfor$1,200andsomelandfromCharlesDresser,whoperformedtheir___38___（marry）ceremonyin1842.…….___44___Lincolnsenlargedthehousetoafulltw...