精神分裂症病人大脑两半球功能整合的实验研究【摘要】目的：检查精神分裂症患者可能存在的大脑两半球功能整合缺陷。方法：对20名精神分裂症患者和20名正常对照者进行不同复杂度汉字“同－异”判断的半视野速示实验。结果：①“同”判断的正确反应时(895.4毫秒)显著长于“异”判断(767.0毫秒)(F=87.44,P<0.001)，“同”判断的正确反应百分数(62.70)也显著低于“异”判断(95.30)(F=74.32,P<0.001)，表明“同”判断明显难于“异”判断；②患者和正常者一样，“异”判断的正确反应时和正确反应百分数在左视野（右半球）呈现、右视野（左半球）呈现和两视野（两半球）同时呈现三种条件之间均未出现显著差异；③正常人的“同”判断在两视野（两半球）同时呈现条件的正确反应时(674.8~743.4毫秒)明显快于左视野（右半球）(795.4~820.5毫秒)（t=2.89~4.57,均P<0.001）和右视野（左半球）(798.6~857.1毫秒)(t=2.99~4.51,均P<0.001)，而病人没有出现两视野（两半球）对“同”判断的这种优势效应；④两视野（两半球）同时呈现条件下正常人“同”判断的正确反应百分数(88.3~89.5)与“异”判断(94.5~95.4)没有显著差异，而病人“同”判断的正确反应百分数(69.4~74.1)仍明显低于“异”判断(94.4~96.5)（t=2.39~2.60,均P<0.05）。结论：精神分裂症患者仅在相对较难的“同”判断任务加工中表现出大脑两半球的功能整合缺陷。【关键词】半视野速示术；精神分裂症；两半球功能整合；汉字“同－异”判断；病例对照研究：R749.3文献标识码：A：1000-6729(2007)05-00317-05FunctionalInterhemisphericIntegrationofSchizophrenicPatientsCAIHou-De?1，CHEN激an-Guo?2?1LabofBrainandBehavior,CollegeofEducation,Nan激ngNormalUniversity,Nan激ng210097?2Nan激ngBrainHospital,Nan激ng210029【Abstract】Objective:Toexaminethepossibledeficitsofthefunctionalinterhemisphricintegrationinschizophreniapatients.Method:20patientsand20normalcontrolsweretestedusingtachistoscpicvisualhalf-fieldtechniquefor"same-different"judgmentsonChinesecharacterswithdifferentcomplexity.Results:①Correctreaction(RTs)werelongerfor"same"thanfor"different"judgment(895.4msvs.767.0ms,F=87.44,P<0.001)andpercentageofcorrectresponses(PRs)lower(62.7%vs.95.3%,F=74.32,P<0.001),indicatingthatthe"same"judgmentismoredifficultthan"different"judgment;②Thepatientsandnormalcontrolsdidn'tshowanysignificantdifferencesbothonRTsandPRsbetweenleftvisualfield-righthemisphere(LVF-RH),rightvisualfield-left-hemisphere(RVF-LH)andbilateralvisualfields-bilateralhemispheres(BVF-BH)forthe"different"judgment;③Innormalcontrolgroup,the"same"judgmentRTsofBVF-BH(674.8~743.4ms)wereshorterthanthoseofLVF-RH(795.4~820.5ms,t=2.89~4.57,allP<0.01)andRVF-LH(798.6~857.1,t=2.99~4.51,allP<0.001),butthepatientslackedtheadvantageofBVF-BHfor"same"judgment;④Thenormals?didn't?showanysignificantdifferenceofPRsbetweenthe"same"andthe"different"judgmentforBVF-BH(88.3~89.5vs.94.5~95.4),butthedifferencewerestillapparentforthepatients(69.4~74.1vs.94.4~96.5,t=2.39~2.60,P<0.05).Conclusion:Schizophreniapatientsshowdisturbedfunctionalinterhemisphricintegrationonlyforthe"same"judgment,whichismoredifficult.【KeyWords】tachistoscpicvisualhalf-fieldtechnique;schizophrenia;functionalinterhemisphricintegration;"same-different"judgmentsonChinesecharacters;case-controlstudy已有研究[1，2]表明，精神分裂症病人可能存在胼胝体纤维密度减少或体积普遍减小的结构异常。这会不会影响患者大脑两半球间的信息传递，进而导致两半球功能整合的缺陷呢？一些研究对此提供了肯定的证据，如需要在两半球间进行刺激（如字母、数字和图形等）匹配或比较时病人存在明显缺陷[3，4]；听故事时病人缺乏正常人双耳聆听相对于单耳聆听的优势[5]。近期，Mohr等[6]的研究结果显示...