SectionⅣGrammar&Writing正式文体与非正式文体英语有很多不同的文体，应使用何种英语文体取决于具体情境。最重要的区别是英语的口语形式与书面语形式的不同。而在这其中还有正式文体和非正式文体的区别。正式文体非正式文体书面语散文、报告、申请信函给朋友或家人的信、电子邮件、短信口语正式演说、对陌生人说话与熟人(家人和朋友)的交谈1．正式文体(1)在正式文体中，我们经常发现复杂的句子结构，包括被动语态和从句。Ordinarycitizensareawareofthefrequentcomputerrelatedcrimesthathavehappenedsincemanycomputerusersareaffectedbycomputerviruses.句中areaffected为被动语态，thathavehappened是定语从句，sincemanycomputerusers...viruses是原因状语从句。(2)在正式文体中，我们也会发现较多的抽象名词。Therehasbeenanincreaseintheincidenceofcrime.(increase,incidence,crime均为抽象名词)2．非正式文体(1)在非正式文体中，我们使用简单句结构。Peopleareworriedaboutcomputerviruses.(2)在非正式文体中，我们使用主动语态。Katie,firstyoushouldgotothepolicestationandtalktothedetectiveincharge.(3)在非正式文体中，我们也会见到口语体和缩略形式。We’veheardlotsofreportsoffinancialfraud.(We’ve属于缩略形式，lotsof属于口语体)Ⅰ.读下面句子并在括号内标明“书面语”或“口语”1．Arichwomanwaskilledlastnight.(书面语)Someonekilledarichwomanlastnight.(口语)2．It’smoretoolsthatweneed.(书面语)Weneedmoretools.(口语)3．Theheavyrainpreventedusfromstarting.(书面语)Wecouldnotstartbecauseoftheheavyrain.(口语)Ⅱ.请把下列书面语的句子改为非正式文体，把非正式文体的句子改为书面语1．Throughthewindowcameinthesweetsong.The_sweet_song_came_in_through_the_window.2．OncetherelivedagreedykinginGreek.Once_a_greedy_king_lived_in_Greek.3．Someonereadthequestiontohim.He_had_the_question_read_to_him.4．HisambitionistobecomepartofthenationalteamforthenextOlympicGames.He_wants_to_become_part_of_the_national_team_for_the_next_Olympic_Games.调查报告随着经济的快速发展，人们的物质生活水平迅速提高，但是社区居民的邻里关系变得越来越冷淡。你班利用寒假时间就邻里关系组织了一次调查。请根据下表的调查结果，用英语写一篇120词左右的调查报告。现象比例不了解邻居爱好的85%不知道邻居姓名的80%没有拜访过邻居的70%出现上述现象的原因……你对这种现象的看法……①Withthedevelopmentofthesociety,people’slivingstandardhasbeengreatlyimproved.②Butfromoursurveyoftheneighborhoodrelationship,wegetasurprisingresult.③85percentofthepeoplesurveyedhavenoideaoftheirneighbors’hobbies.④80percentfailtoknowtheirneighbors’nameswhile70percenthavenevervisitedtheirneighbors.⑤Thereasonsforthephenomenonarevaried.⑥Firstly,peoplenowarelivingsobusyalifethattheyseldomhavetimetovisittheirneighbors.⑦Secondly,livinginhighbuildingprovidespeoplewithanindependentspace,whichtosomeextentdecreasestheconnectionbetweenneighbors.⑧Asaresult,althoughpeopleliveinthesameneighborhood,theyseemtobestrangers.⑨Asweknow,goodneighborhoodcanmakeeveryonefeelhappyandliveinharmony.⑩What’smore,peopleingoodneighborhoodaremorelikelytohelpeachother,whichwillbenefitalltheresidentsinthesamecommunity.第一段：开门见山，点明要反映的社会现象。第二段：交代调查结果。第三段：出现这种现象的原因。第四段：对这种现象的看法。1．①⑤⑦⑨句分别使用了withthedevelopmentof,phenomenon,tosomeextent,inharmony等高级词汇，丰富了文章的语言。2．②⑥⑦⑧⑨⑩句分别使用了But,Firstly,Secondly,Asaresult,Asweknow,What’smore等连接副词，使文章衔接自然。3．③句使用了过去分词作定语；⑥句使用了so...that...；⑦⑩句使用了非限制性定语从句。句式灵活多样是本文一大亮点。如何写调查报告一、...