考点09定语从句（解析版）【考点解读】定语从句的用法较为复杂，高考除了单独考查定语从句知识外，还常常结合句式结构、时态等来综合考查。纵观近几年各地高考试题，不难发现其考点主要包括：1.考查关系代词和关系副词的区分。如:that,which和where,when的区分;that,which和why的区分等。2.考查whose的使用。whose可以指代人或物,在定语从句中作定语,后跟名词。指物时,whose＋名词＝名词＋ofwhich＝ofwhich＋名词。如：Theclassroomwhosedoor/thedoorofwhich/ofwhichthedoorisbrokenisonthesecondfloor.3.考查as/which引导的非限制性定语从句。尤其要重视which，as引导的非限制性定语从句和it，what引导的主语从句的区分。4.考查定语从句中的主谓一致现象。如：I,whoamyourclosefriend,willtrymybesttohelpyouwheneveryouareintrouble.5.考查“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句。“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，关系代词指人时用whom，指物时用which，不能用that。关系代词作定语时也可用whose。如：Theteacherinfrontofwhosehousestandsatalltreeisverypatientwithhisstudents.6.考查一些特殊的先行词。如:当situation,point,case,activity,scene及period,festival,occasion等出现时，要注意具体情况具体分析;作主语、宾语和表语时,用关系代词that/which;作状语时,用关系副词where/when或“介词＋which”,表示在某种特定的情形下。7.考查定语从句、强调句、时间状语从句等的区别。【高考预测】定语从句是历年高考的重点，主要考查常见关系代词和关系副词的用法，比如which/that/as/when/where的用法及区别性的选择等，及与其他从句如名词性从句的区别等。在高考的中主要体现在语法填空、短文改错、完形填空等中，且完形填空80%每年会出一道题。【重要考向】一、关系代词引导的定语从句；二、关系副词引导的定语从句；三、“介词＋which/whom”引导的定语从句；四、as引导的定语从句；关系词先行词从句成分例句备注关系代词who人主语Doyouknowthemanwhoistalkingwithyourmother?whom,which和that在从句中作宾语时,常可以省略,但介词提前时后面关系代词不能省略,也不可以用thatwhom人宾语MrSmithisthepersonwithwhomIamworking.Theboy(whom)sheloveddiedinthewar.whose人、物定语Ilikethosebookswhosetopicsareabouthistory.Theboywhosefatherworksabroadismydeskmate.that人、物主语、宾语Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.Sheisthepopstar(that)Iwanttoseeverymuch.which物主语、宾语Thebook(which)Igaveyouwasworth$10.Thepicturewhichwasabouttheaccidentwasterrible.as人、物主语、宾语Heissuchapersonasisrespectedbyallofus.ThisisthesamepenasIlostyesterday.as作宾语一般不省略关系副when时间时间状语Iwillneverforgetthedaywhenwemetthere.可用onwhich替换where地点地点状ThisisthehousewhereIwasborn.可用inwhich词语替换why原因原因状语Ican’timaginethereasonwhyheturneddownmyoffer.可用forwhich替换关系代词引导的定语从句【典例】【2022.1浙江卷语法填空】KimCobb,aprofessorattheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnologyinAtlanta,isoneofasmallbutgrowingminorityofacademics56arecuttingbackontheirairtravelbecauseofclimatechange.【参考答案】考查定语从句的关系代词。根据句子结构可知，空白处缺少引导定语从句的关系代词。先行词是academics（大学教师），关系代词在此指人，在定语从句中作主语，故填who或者that。故填who／that。【关系代词引导的定语从句提分秘籍】引导定语从句的关系代词有：that,which,who,whom,whose,as等，关系代词可作主语、宾语、定语等。1．who,whom,that这些词代替的先行词是表示人的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。I'vebecomegoodfriendswithseveralofthestudentsinmyschoolwhoImetintheEnglishspeechcontestlastyear.我已与去年在英语演讲比赛中遇到的我校的几个学生成为了好朋友。2．whose既可指人又可指物，在定语从句中作定语。指物时，“whose＋名词”可用“the＋名词＋ofwhich”或“ofwhich＋the＋名词”来代替。Doyouknowth...