隧道浅埋岩堆体ø108大管棚超前支护施工工艺编制:审核:彭酉项目经理部二00三年十一月三十日目录1.前言·····································22.工程概况·································22.1概述··································22.2大管棚变更情况························32.3大管棚超前支护方法····················43.施工工艺·································73.1测量放样······························73.2钻孔··································93.3配管·································113.4送管·································123.5下钢筋笼·····························133.6管口封闭·····························133.7注浆·································133.8沉降观测·····························183.9事故预防和处理·······················183.10机具设备和劳力······················194.安全措施································205.结论····································216.相关知识点······························217.主要参考书目····························241.前言重庆市彭（水）酉（阳）二级公路A标段下南城隧道全长772m(K2+423~K3+195)，但其进口处于破碎土岩堆地段长达182m(K2+423~K2+605),且最浅埋深仅2m,同时围岩含水量大，工程力学性质差，开挖后易坍塌，成洞困难。为确保开挖稳定，进口K2+433~K2+488段55m，隧道拱部120°范围采用ø108×8mm超前大管棚注浆支护辅助施工，共设两环，每环钢管总长度30m。我公司施工类似大直径的长大管棚，并且达到两环以上（包括两环），这是第一次。其施工工艺和方法尚无成熟的经验可以借鉴，需要进行摸索和研究。因此有必要对ø108大管棚超前支护的施工方法、适用机械、劳动组织等进行研究和总结，以便更好地加以推广和应用。将ø108大管棚超前支护的施工工艺，形成一整套操作性强、系统完整、详实准确、技术含量高、有推广价值的成果。对于提高工程的科技含量，增强技术创新能力，全面贯彻“科技是第一生产力”，推动公司的科技进步和“科技兴企”战略的实施，都具有重大的意义。2.工程概况2.1概述彭（水）酉（阳）二级公路A标段下南城隧道位于重庆市彭水县城南郊下南城，隧道穿越下南城山，进口里程K2+423，出口里程K3+195，全长772m，路线设计纵坡-3%、-0.094%。进口30.632m及出口段192.75m分别位于半径为120m及200m的曲线上，其余地段位于直线上。进口K2+433～+488段55m，为Ⅱ类围岩，隧道位于坡积碎石土层上，含水量大，埋深浅，工程力学性质差，围岩开挖后易坍塌，成洞困难。于隧道拱部120°范围采用超前大管棚注浆支护辅助施工（大管棚共布置两环），边墙及仰拱采用超前小导管注浆支护辅助施工。且设2榀/m拱、墙、仰拱格栅钢架加强支护。隧道开挖最大尺寸为宽×高=13.24m×9.86m。隧道衬砌内净空宽度为9+2×1.0米。限界净宽:10.5m，限界净高:5.0m。2.2大管棚变更情况原设计管棚里程段为K2+438~K2+488（50m），管棚长度60m，分两环布置。变更一：管棚里程段由K2+438~K2+488（50m）变更为K2+433~K2+488（55m），形成两个方案：①按两环布置，管棚长度为65m（里程段+一个接头+超前量=55+5+5=65m）；②按三环布置，管棚长度为70m（里程段+二个接头+超前量=55+5×2+5=70m）。考虑到按①施工，每环管棚长度都超过了30m，很难达到规范和...