隐喻和象征_弗罗斯特诗歌的两大特色_英文_MetaphorandSymbolism:TwoTypicalFeaturesofFrost’sPoetry3CHENYan1,LISi-hong2(1.YunnanVocationalCollegeofTropicalCrops,Pu’er665000,China;2.InternationalCollegeofHongheUniversity,Mengzi661101,China)Abstract:Withitsseeminglysimplicityandambiguityinlanguagebutrichimplicationsinthinking,Frost’spoetryoftenproducesarewardingandlastingimpressiononthereaders.Theauthorsholdthatthemaincharacteristicsofhispoetryaremetaphorandsymbolism,andhisfamoustypicalpoemsrevealprofoundphilosophicalideasthatareFrost’sinterpretationoflifeandexistenceaswellastherelation2shipbetweenmanandnature.Keywords:RobertFrost;metaphor;symbolism;philosophicalconnotation中图分类号:I712.2文献标识码:A文章编号:1018-9128(2022)01-0068-04RobertFrost(1874-1963)isoneofthegreatestpo2etsinthe20thcenturyAmericanliterature.FourtimesofthePulitzerPrizewinner,Frostreceivedhonorsfromforty-fourinstitutions,andbecamethenation’sunofficialPoetLaureateandin1961recitedhispoem“TheGiftOutright”attheinaugurationofPresidentJohnF.Ken2nedy,ararecaseinAmericanhistory.FrostisoftencomparedwithWordsworthandEmer2soninsomeaspects.WordsworthmayhaveinfluencedFrostinmanyaspectswhileEmerson’sinfluenceislarge2lytheconceptof“nature-as-symbol”.Andinsomedegree,Frost’slifeexperiencealsohasagreatinfluenceonhispoeticcreation,andishelpfultoformhisownstyleandcharacteristics.HisworksoftensetinruralNewEngland.Naturalsurroundingsgivehimmuchinspirationandtriggerhisimagination.Onthesurface,Frost’spo2etryissimpleandeasytounderstand,butFrosthimselfrefusedtobeconsideredasanaturepoet.“I’mnotanaturepoet,”heoncedeclared,“thereisalwayssome2thingelseinmypoetry.”[1]86Hisworkisoften“decep2tivelysimple”,andcanbereadveryoftenonmanylev2els.Hispoetryisrichinconnotationsandmanypoemssuggestadeepermeaning.Andalthoughmostofhispo2emsoftencontainprofoundphilosophicalideas,theyarenotdidactic.AgoodunderstandingofFrost’scleveruseofmetaphorandsymbolscanshedmuchlightonhisrichphilosophicalthinking.IMetaphorandSymbolismMetaphorissoimportantinpoetrythatpoetryhasalmostbecometheartofmetaphors,astheSpanishes2sayistandphilosopherJoseOrtegaYGassetsaysthat“Poetryhasbecomethehigheralgebraofmeta2phor.”[2]360“Metaphorisafigureofspeechinwhichthequalityofoneistransferredontoanother.”[2]361Frostar2gued,“Thoughtwasdependentuponfigurativelanguage,notasmeredecorationbutasthebasisofconceptualiza2tion”[3]4.Hethoughtaboutthenatureofmetaphor.“Metaphoristhewholeofpoetry.”[3]115“Poetryissimplymadeofmetaphor…Everypoemisanewmetaphorinsideoritisnothing”.[3]115SucharetheburdensRobertFrostplacedbothuponmetaphorandonhimselfasapoet.Hewentevenfartherinhisclaimingthatmetaphoristhewholeofthinking,andthat,therefore,tobeeducatedbypoetryistobetaughttothink.[3]115Metaphorasapoeticdeviceishelpfultoexpressthethemeofapoemandre2vealthephilosophicalimplicationsofapoem.SymbolismisaliterarymovementthataroseinFranceinthelasthalfofthenineteenthcenturyandthatgreatlyinfluencedmanywriters,particularlypoets,ofthetwentiethcentury.Holmandefinessymbolismasthefol2lowing,“initsbroadsense,symbolismistheuseofoneobjecttosuggestanother,orinliterature,thepracticeofrepresentingobjectsorideasbysymbolsorgivingthingsasymbolic(associated)characterandmeaning.”[4]118Asaliterarytechnique,symbolismcanbedefined第6卷第1期2022年2月红河学院学报JounalofHongheUniversityVol.6No.1Feb.20223收稿日期:2007-09-27第一作者:陈燕(1978-),女,云南普洱人,云南热带作物职业学院教师,在读硕士。研究方向:英语文学。本文来源：网络收集与整理，如有侵权，请联系作者删除，谢谢！