智课网IELTS备考资料剑桥雅思报考指南(MP3+字幕)第60期:OG26Recording54(上)_雅思听力Recording54录音54YouwillhearalectureaboutMaorikite-making.你将听到一段课程,讲的是毛利人的风筝制作。First,youhavesometimetolookatquestions31to40.首先,你有些时间看看第三十一题至第四十题。Nowlistencarefullyandanswerquestions31to40.现在仔细听录音,回答第三十一题至第四十题。Well,goodmorning,everyone.Asyouknow,we'vebeenlookingatdifferentkindsofartandcraftthatwerepractisedbytheMaoripeopleofNewZealand,大家早上好。正如你们所知,我们正在讲新西兰毛利人的艺术与工艺,atleastbeforetheEuropeansbegantoarriveinthe18thcentury.至少是在18世纪欧洲人来到新西兰以前。So,thefocusofthislectureiskitemaking:howthekitesweremade,theirappearanceandthepurposestheyserved.所以,这节课的重点是风筝制作:风筝是如何制作的,风筝的外形和用途。Well,let'sstartwiththewaytheyweremade.AswithotherMaoriartistictraditions,kite-makinginvolvedcertainrituals.先从制作方法来时。和其它毛利艺术传统一样,风筝制作也包含一些仪式。So,firstly,onlypriestswereallowedtoflyandhandlethelargest,mostsacredkites.首先,只有牧师才能放飞和掌控最大最神圣的风筝。Therewererules,too,forthesizeandscaleofthekitesthatthepriestshadtofollow,andduringthepreparationofbothsmallandlargekites,foodwasstrictlyforbidden.而且制作风筝也有规定相应的尺寸和规模,牧师要严格执行,而且在制作小型和大型的风筝时,严禁出现食物。Intermsofappearance,kiteswerefrequentlydesignedintheimageofanativebird,oraMaorigod,andsometimes(perhapslessoften)awell-knownhero.说到风筝外形,大部分都设计成本地鸟类的形象,或者毛利神明,有些时候(也许较为少见)是家喻户晓的英雄人物。YoucanimaginethatwhenMaorifirstarrivedinthenewcountry,inNewZealand,itmayhavetakensometimetofindsuitablematerialsfortheirkites,你们能想象一下,毛利人最初来到一个新国度——新西兰的时候,他们可能也花了好些时间来寻找合适制作风筝的材料。butthroughtrialanderror,nodoubt,theyfoundplantsandtreesthatprovidedbarkandevenrootsthattheycouldusetomaketheframesandwingsoftheirkites.但在反复试验,不断犯错后,他们找到了一些植物和树木,他们可用其树皮(甚至是树根)来制作风筝的框架和筝翼。Andaftertheframehadbeenconstructed,thekitethenhadtobedecorated.Forthis,thepriestsusedlonggrasses,andthese,whenthekitewasintheair,wouldstreamalongbehindit.在建好框架后,需要装饰风筝。为此,牧师们采用了长长的茅草,在风筝飞舞时会在后面随之飘荡。Theyalsousedavarietyoffeatherstoadd,um,colour,totheircreations.牧师们还用不同的羽毛来给自己的作品增色。Well,allthismeantitwaseasytoseeakiteintheskybutyoucouldalsohearMaorikites.这一切都意味着,天上的风筝是很容易看见的,但你们还能听见毛利风筝。