孕中期血清筛查联合无创性产前基因在唐氏综合征患儿诊断中的应用(1克拉玛依市独山子人民医院新疆克拉玛依833600)(2石河子大学第一附属医院新疆石河子833008)【摘要】FI的:探讨孕中期血清筛查联合无创性产前基因在唐氏综合征患儿诊断中的应用。方法:选择2011年1月至2014年1月來我院产科门诊进行常规产前检查的孕屮期孕妇2236例,清晨抽取静脉血进行血清筛查甲胎蛋A(AFP)和游离β-绒毛膜促性腺激素(β・HCG),并用产科筛查软件Multicalc计算唐氏综合症(DS)、18・3体综合症(ES)和神经管缺陷(NTD)患病风险切割值;分选胎儿有核红细胞(FNRBC),并进行基因分型分析,追踪随访孕妇妊娠结局,收集胎儿患病情况。结果:2236例孕妇屮筛查出高风险孕妇63例,其屮DS高风险36例,ES高风险16例,NTD高风险11例;2173例低风险孕妇的基因均为正常二倍体1:1基因型,36例DS高风险孕妇检出例三体型基因型,16例ES高风险孕妇检出异常基因型7例,其屮3体型4例,嵌合体型2例,易位型1例,11例NTD高风险孕妇均为正常二倍体型;妊娠随访结果例基因型异常DS高风险孕妇,2例流产,对流产胎儿和活产胎儿进行细胞核分型均确诊为DS;7例基因型异常的ES高风险孕妇,三体型和嵌合体型各出现1例流产,对流产胎儿和活产胎儿进行细胞核分型均确诊为DS,口例NTD高风险孕妇,均正常娩出胎儿,对活产胎儿进行细胞核分型确诊1例NTD,低风险孕妇活产或流产胎儿未检出基因型异常。结论:血清筛查联合无创产前基因诊断操作简便、经济,筛查结果准确可靠,可以用于临床推广。【关键词】唐氏综合症;胎儿有核红细胞;基因诊断;孕中期;筛查【中图分类号】R714【文献标识码】A【文章编号】2095-1752(2016)30-0128-03ApplicationofserumscreeningandgenediagnosisofDown’ssyndromeinthesecondtrimesterofpregnancy【Abstract]ObjectiveToexploreapplicationofserumscreeningandgenediagnosisofDown’ssyndromeinthesecondtrimesterofpregnancy.Methods2236casesofwomeninthesecondtrimesterofpregnancyfromJan.2011toJan.2014werecollectedtoourstudy.VeinalbloodwasdrawnfordetectionofserumAFPandfreeβ-HCG,risksofDownsyndrome(DS),EdwardsSyndrome(ES)andneuraltubedefect(NTD)wereassessedbytheobstetricscreeningsoftware.Fetalnucleatedredbloodcellsweresortedandenrichedfrommaternalperipheralblood,thangenetypeofFNRBCwouldbeanalysisbyPCR.Allofthepregnancywomenwerefollowuptopregnancyoutcome・ResultsAmong2236casesofpregnantwomen,63caseswereathighriskofDS,36casesforES,and16casesforNTD,11casesofDShighriskpregnancywomenweredetectedwithtrisomicgenetype,7casesofEShighriskpregnancywomenweredetectedwithabnormalgenetype,4casesfortrisomicgenetype,2casesforchimericgenetype,1casesformetatheticgenetype,otherofthepregnancywomenweredetectednoneofabnormalgenetype.Thefetalandlivebirthswereidentifiedbythenucleartyping,resultsshowed11casesofDShighriskpregnancywomenwithtrisomicgenetypewerediagnosiswithDS,7casesofEShighriskpregnancywithabnormalgenetypewerediagnosiswithES,andtherewas1moreNTDcaseshadbeendetected.ConclusionOperationofserumscreeningandgenediagnosisofDown’ssyndromeareconvenientandeconomical,screeningresultsareaccurateandreliable,worthybeapplicationforclinicaluse.【Keywords]Down’ssyndrome;Fetalnucletrisomicatedredbloodcell;Genediagnosis;Thesecondtrimester;Screening唐氏综合征(Downsyndrome,DS)是染色体异常而导致的疾病⑴,1959年发现DS患者的染色体组中多了一条21号常染色体,故又称21■三体综合征[2]。60%患儿在胎内流产,存活者有明显的智能落后、特殊面容、生长发育障碍和多发畸形,故也被称为先天愚型[3]。目前尚无有效的治疗方法,据统计,每出生1例DS患儿,造成约25万元的社会经济负担,而我国每年用于DS的医疗费用超过20亿元⑷。因此,积极开展安全有效预的防措施及早发现D...