本文档下载自文库下载网，内容可能不完整，您可以点击以下网址继续阅读或下载：http://www.wenkuxiazai.com/doc/4ac637f04693daef5ef73d75.html控释肥对夏玉米产量和氮素积累与分配的影响控释肥对夏玉米产量和氮素积累与分配的影响作物学报ACTAAGRONOMICASINICA2010,36(10):1760?1768ISSN0496-3490;CODENTSHPA9http://www.chinacrops.org/zwxb/E-mail:xbzw@chinajournal.net.cnDOI:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2010.01760控释肥对夏玉米产量和氮素积累与分配的影响赵斌董树亭*张吉旺刘鹏山东农业大学农学院/作物生物学国家重点实验室,山东泰安271018摘要:在大田条件下研究树脂包膜控释肥(CRF)和硫包膜控释肥(SCF)对夏玉米花后光合产物和氮素积累与分配及产量的影响。结果表明,花后控释肥处理的光合速率始终较高,在相同施肥量(N、P、K量相同)情况下,控释肥CRF(1428kghm?2)和SCF(1668kghm?2)及其减量25%处理的单株干物质和氮素积累量都显著高于等量普通复合肥(CCF,1260kghm?2)处理;控释肥减量25%时,干物质向籽粒中的分配比例显著高于CCF处理;成熟期籽粒的氮素积累,控释肥处理都显著高于CCF处理,并随着控释肥比例的增加而增加,全量与减量25%的处理无显著差异。控释肥能显著提高玉米产量,等量控释肥增产13.15%和14.15%;控释肥减量25%时,分别比CCF增产9.69%和10.04%;其氮肥利用率和农学效率也均显著高于普通肥处理。关键词:夏玉米;控释肥;干物质积累与分配;氮素积累与分配;产量EffectsofControlled-ReleaseFertilizeronYieldandNitrogenAccumulationandDistributioninSummerMaizeZHAOBin,DONGShu-Ting?,ZHANGJi-Wang,andLIUPenghttp://www.wenkuxiazai.com/doc/4ac637f04693daef5ef73d75.htmlStateKeyLaboratoryofCropBiology/CollegeofAgronomy,ShandongAgriculturalUniversity,Tai’an271018,ChinaAbstract:Thefieldexperimentwasconductedtoinvestigatetheeffectsofcontrolled-releasefertilizers(includingonekindoffertilizerenvelopedbycolophony,CRF,andtheotherkindoffertilizerenvelopedbysulfur,SCF)onaccumulationanddistribu-tionofphotosynthateandnitrogenaswellasyieldafteranthesisofsummermaize.Resultsindicatedthatphotosyntheticrateofthetreatmentswithcontrolled-releasefertilizersCRFandSCFkeptinahigherlevelafteranthesis.UnderthesameapplicationratesofN,P,andK,applyingCRF(1428kgha?1)andSCF(1668kgha?1)increasedtheaccumulationofdrymatterandnitrogenperplantsignificantlycomparedwithapplyingthecommoncompoundfertilizer(CCF,1260kgha?1).WhentheappliedamountsoftheCRFandSCFweredecreasedby25%,thehttp://www.wenkuxiazai.com/doc/4ac637f04693daef5ef73d75.htmlincrementwasalsosignificant,andthedistributionproportionofthedrymatterfromplanttoseedswassignificantlyhigherthanthatofapplyingCCF.TheaccumulationofthenitrogeninseedsoftheCRFandSCFtreatmentswassignificantlyhigherthanthatofCCFtreatmentatmaturitystage,andwasincreasedwithincreasingappliedproportionoffertilizer,buttherewasnosignificantdifferencebetweentreatmentsofCRF,SCFand25%ofCRFandSCF.Ap-plingCRFandSCFincreasedthemaizegrainyieldby13.15%and14.15%respectivelyunderthesameapplicationrates.WhentheappliedamountofCRFandSCFwasdecreasedby25%,theyieldincrementwas9.69%and10.04%,respectively,thenitro-genuseefficiency(NUE)andnitrogenagronomyefficiencyweresignificantlyhigherthanthoseofapplyingCCF.Keywords:Summermaize;Controlled-releasefertilizer;Accumulationanddistributionofdrymatter;Accumulatihttp://www.wenkuxiazai.com/doc/4ac637f04693daef5ef73d75.htmlonanddistribu-tionofnitrogen;Yield我国是世界玉米生产第二大国,占世界总面积的17.2%,随着人口的增长及耕地面积的减少,玉米在作物生产中的地位越来越重要。据联合国粮农组织估计,在发展中国家的粮食增产中,有55%来自化肥的作用[1]。为了追求高产,我国北方玉米产区出现了氮肥超量施...