绿色壁垒对我国农产品出口的影响与对策【摘要】绿色贸易壁垒是新贸易保护主义与环境保护运动相结合的产物。全球自然资源匮乏，生态环境恶化，为绿色贸易壁垒的出现提供了契机。工业技术的迅猛发展，促进了经济的增长、社会的进步和人类生活的改善，但同时也对人类赖以生存的环境造成了一定的破坏，而且，这种破坏有进一步恶化的趋势，使经济和人类社会的持续发展受到严重影响。环境问题目前引起全球的关注，各国政府、社会社团和民众已逐步认识到在全球范围内保护人类生存环境的严重性和紧迫性，“加强环境管理”已经成为当今世界各国经济干预的潮流之一。与此相适应，同国际贸易有关的环境保护法规、标准、绿色标志等的绿色贸易制度正在逐步形成，而有些国家特别是发达国家制定的贸易制度的内容又过于严格、苛刻，从而使国际贸易的发展受到诸多限制[1]。我国是个农业大国,同时也是农产品出口大国，我国的农产品多是劳动密集型产品,科学技术含量不高，相比较于发达国家,我国的农产品具有价格优势。但是,近年来,发达国家凭借他们在科技、管理、资金及环保方面的优势,为了保护本国的农产品市场,制定了苛刻的技术、环保等方面的要求以限制我国农产品进入其市场,一种新的非关税壁垒即绿色贸易壁垒这一看似“合法”的非关税壁垒便应运而生。绿色壁垒的表现形式有：绿色技术标准、绿色环境标志、绿色包装制度、绿色卫生检疫制度、绿色补贴制度和绿色关税制度等。本课题分析了绿色贸易壁垒对我国农产品出口的影响并提出了应对策略。【关键词】绿色壁垒；农产品出口；影响；对策Abstract：Thegreentradebarrieristheproductoftheintegrationofnewtradeprotectionismandenvironmentalmovement.Theshortageofnaturalresourcesanddeteriorationofecologicalenvironmentprovideanopportunityforthegreentradebarriers’sappearance.Therapiddevelopmentofindustrialtechnologypromotetheeconomicgrowth,theprogressofthesocietyandtheimprovementofhumanlife.Butatthesametimealsocausedsomedamagetotheenvironmentinwhichwelive.What’smore,thisdisruptionshaveatrendoffurtherdeterioration,seriouslyaffectingtheeconomyandthesustainabledevelopmentofhumansociety.Environmentalproblemscausedbycurrentglobalattention.Governments,socialorganizationsandcitizenshasgraduallyunderstandedtheseverityandurgencyofprotectinghumansurvivalenvironmentintheglobalrange.Nowadaysthesenceof“tostrengthentheenvironmentalmanagement”hasbecomeoneofthetrendofeconomicintervention.Correspondingly,environmentalprotectionlawsandregulations,standards,greensignwhichrelatedtotheenvironmentalprotectionisbeinggraduallyformed.However,thecontentofthetradingsystemcreatedbysomecountriesespeciallybythedevelopedcountriesissostrictandharsh,thatthedevelopmentofinternationaltradeisaffectedbymanyrestrictions.Ourcountryisalargeagriculturalnation,andisalsoamajorexporterofagriculturalproducts.Ouragriculturalproductsismostlylabor-intensiveproducts,scienceandtechnologycontentisnothigh.Incomparisontothedevelopedcountries,ouragriculturalproductshaveanadvantageofprices.But,inrecentyears,inordertoprotectthenationalagriculturalproductsmarket,developedcountriesdependontheiradvantagesinscienceandtechnology,management,capitalandenvironmental,madeharshtechnology,environmentalrequirementstolimitourcountryagriculturalproductstoentertheirmarket.Anewkindofnon-tariffbarriers,namely,greentradebarrierswhichseems"lawful"willcomeintobeing.Theformsofexpressionofgreentradebarriersareasfollows:greentechnologystandard,greenenvironmentmark,greenpackagingsystem,greenhealthandquarantinesystem,greensubsidiessystemandgreentariffsystem,etc.ThisarticleanalyzestheinfluenceofgreentradeontheexportofChina'sfarmproducts,andgi...