早产儿视网膜病变相关因素分析:453003河南省新乡市新乡医学院第三附属医院通讯:张轲【摘要】目的研究早产儿视网膜病变的发病率,并分析其相关危险因素。方法对2007年9月~2010年8月新乡医学院第三附属医院新生儿科收治的体重<2000g,胎龄<34周的早产儿和低体重儿进行ROP筛查。于出生后2周始,由有经验的眼科医师进行间接检眼镜检查眼底,并记录完整的临床资料,调查ROP的发病率及分析相关危险因素。结果367例早产儿ROP发病率为11?44%(42/367)。42例中ROPⅠ期21例,Ⅱ期14例,Ⅲ期6例,Ⅳ期1例。激光手术9例(2?45%)。对367例早产儿相关因素分析提示,感染、贫血、窒息、吸氧时间>7d、吸氧浓度>40%、代谢性酸中毒、胎龄、呼吸暂停、输血与ROP的发生有相关性(P<0?05)。Logistic回归分析提示,小胎龄、出生体重、吸氧时间>7d、代谢性酸中毒、感染、输血、呼吸暂停是ROP发生的主要危险因素。结论防治早产儿的各种并发症的发生非常重要。感染、贫血、吸氧、酸中毒、窒息、胎龄与ROP相关;小胎龄、呼吸暂停、感染、输血、酸中毒是ROP发生的主要危险因素。【关键词】早产儿视网膜病变;发病率;危险因素TherelevantfactorsanalysisofretinopathyofprematurityZHANGKe,CAOXian-yong.ThethirdaffiliatedhospitalofXinxiangMedicalUniversity,Xin-xiang453003,China【Abstract】ObjectiveTostudytheincidenceandrelevantlyriskfactorsofretinopathyofprematurity.MethodsFromSeptember2007toAugust2010,ropscreeningwascarriedoutinprematureinfantsandlowbirthweightinfants(birthweight<2000g,gestationalage<34weeks)whoweretreatedinneonataldepartmentinthethirdhospitalofXinxiangmedicalunirersity,after2weeks,theinfants?fundusofeyeswereexaminedbythesaltyophthalmologistbyindirectophthalmoscope,completeclinicaldatawererecorded,theincidenceofROPandrelativelyrisk367factorswereanalyzed.ResultsTheincidenceofROPwithprematureinfantswas11?44%(42/367).Among36multipleprematureinfantswithROP,21patientswereclassifiedintostageⅠofROP,14instageⅡ,6instageⅢ,1instageⅣ.Thelasersurgerieswasoperatedon9patients(2?45%).Therelevantfactorsanalysissuggestedinfection,anaemia,asphyxia,thetimeofrespiratoryoxygen>7d,theconcentrationofinspiredoxygen>40%,metabolicacidosis,conceptusage,apnea,bloodtransfusionwereassociatedwiththeoccurrenceofretinopathyofprematurity(P<0?05).Logisticregressionanalysissuggestedconceptusage,birthweight,thetimeofrespiratoryoxygen>7d,metabolicacidosis,infection,bloodtransfusion,apneaweremainfactorsoftheoccurrenceofretinopathyofprematurity.ConclusionTheincidenceofROPis11?44%.Itisveryimportanttopreventionandcureallkindsofcomplication.Infection,anaemia,oxygenusage,acidosis,asphyxia,conceptusageareassociatedwiththeoccurrenceofROP.Conceptusage,apnea,infection,bloodtransfusion,acidosisarethemainfactorsoftheoccurrenceofROP.【Keywords】Retinopathyofprematurity;Morbidity;Riskfactorsdoi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2012.01.001早产儿视网膜病变(retinopathyofprematurity,ROP)是一类早产儿和低体重儿视网膜血管发育异常和纤维增生导致的疾病。自1942年由Terry首先报道以来,其已成为世界发达国家儿童失明的首位原因。在发展中国家,ROP占6%~18%[1,2]。随着我国医疗卫生水平的不断提高,各种生命支持系统的进步,在早产儿存活率提高的情况下,ROP的发生率和致盲率不断上升。因此,研究相关危险因素,预防和治疗ROP已成为提高早产儿生活质量的重要课题。ROP与早产儿成熟度有关,吸氧被认为是重要的危险因素之一。目前认为,ROP的发病机制尚未完全明了,可能与吸氧、胎龄、出生体重、贫血、输血、感染等多种因素有关,尚不能用一种单一因素予以解释[3]。本研究通过对新乡医学院第三附属医院新生儿科收治的出生体重<2000g、胎龄<34周的367例早产儿和低体...