破裂颅内动脉瘤的急诊治疗doi:10.3969/j.issn.1007-614x.2014.22.12摘要目的:探讨破裂颅内动脉瘤行急诊外科治疗的疗效。方法:回顾147例破裂颅内动脉瘤患者,急诊血管内治疗84例85个动脉瘤,显微手术组63例64个动脉瘤,以出院niRS分级0〜2级为预后良好,结合年龄及Hunt-Hess分级对比两种术式预后。结果:两种术式总体预后良好率差异无统计学意义(P>0・05)。当患者265岁时,血管内治疗预后良好率显著好于显微手术(P0.05)。无论Hunt-Hess1~3级和4~5级,两种术式预后良好率差异均无统计学意义(P>0・05)。血管内治疗总体并发症及癫痫发生率显著低于显微手术。结论:显微手术和血管内治疗是破裂颅内动脉瘤急诊治疗的冇效方法,血管内治疗手术风险更低,尤其适合老年及后循环动脉瘤。关键词颅内动脉瘤;破裂;急诊;血管内治疗;显微手术EmergencytreatmentofintracranialaneurysmruptureWangPeng,LiTienan,HuangShan,LangXiaofeng,LiNuo,LiuWei,ZhangTieyanDepartmentofNeurosurgery,theCentralHospitalofChangchunCity,激lin130051Abstractobjective:Toexplorethecurativeeffectofemergencysurgicaltreatmentofintracranialaneurysmrupture.Methods:147caseswithintracranialaneurysmrupturewerereviewed.84caseswith85aneurysmsweretreatedwithemergencyendovasculartreatment・Microscopicsurgerygrouphad63caseswith64aneurysms.AccordingtodischargemRSclassification,0〜2gradewasfavourableprognosis・TheprognosisesoftwokindsofoperationwerecomparedwithageandIlunHlessclassification.Results:Theoverallgoodprognosisrateoftwokindsofoperationhadnostatisticaldifferencc(P〉0.05).Whenthepatientsover65yearsold,thegoodprognosisrateofendovasculartreatmentwassignificantlybetterthanmicrosurgery(P0・05)・BothHunt-Hess1~3and4~5,therewasnosignificantdiffereneebetweenthegoodprognosisratesoftwokindsofoperation(P>0.05).Theincideneeratesofcomplicationsandepilepsyofendovasculartreatmentweresignificantlylowerthanthoseofmicrosurgery(P<0.05).Conclusion:Microsurgeryandendovasculartreatmentaretheeffectivemethodfortheemergencytreatmentofintracranialaneurysmrupture.Theenclovasculartreatmenthaslowoperationrisk.Itisespeciallyfortheelderlyandtheposteriorcirculationaneurysms.KeywordsTntracranialaneurysm;Rupture;Emergency;Endovasculartreatment;Microsurgery颅内动脉瘤(Aneruysm,An)破裂是神经外科急症,目前倾向于早期干预以防再破裂,并为腰穿或腰池引流提供保障。治疗方法包括显微手术(microsurgicalclipping,MC)及血管内治疗(endovascularclotting,EC),临床预后及并发症是困扰医生和患者选择的主要因素。2005年1月-2011年12月收治破裂An患者147例,(发病24小时内)行EC或MC治疗,现报告如下。资料与方法本组患者147例,男56例,女91例,平均53岁(27〜75岁),其中265岁33例,均表现为自发性蛛网膜下腔出血。术前Hunt-Hess分级I级4例,II级51例,III级63例,IV级26例,V级3例。影像学检查和治疗方法:全部经CT或腰穿确诊SAH(除外脑内血肿),CTA或DSA确诊An。An单发141例,多发6例,合计153个。山家属决定采取何种治疗方案,急诊处理147例149个An。EC组84例85个An,部位:ACoA36例,PCoA28例,ICA分叉5例,0A2例,MCA分叉6例,PICA5例,VA、BA、SCA各1例。其屮单纯弹簧圈栓塞73例,单纯支架置入1例,支架结合弹簧圈栓塞10例11个Ano1例左侧PCoA和0A多发An予支架结合弹簧圈1次栓塞,其他栓塞责任病灶。4例于术后3天内行脑室外引流;MC组63例64个An,部位:ACoA21例,PCoA23例,ICA3例,MCA分叉17例。其中翼点入路44例,扩大翼点19例。瘤颈夹闭62例63个动脉瘤,1例行包裹术。1例右侧MCA和ACoA多发An予1次夹闭,其余处理责任病灶,术中腰池引流8例,脑室穿刺2例,3例同期行脑室外流术。术后全部腰穿或腰池引流,并常规脱水、尼莫同抗血管痉挛及稀释血液对症治疗。研究方法:根据术式分两组,对比两组总体预后良好率...