我国退化草地修复技术研究进展闫晓红伊风艳邢旗展春芳杨鼎陈翔仝伟王慧敏孙海莲摘要草地是牧區生活、生产的重要物质基础，是生态安全的重要保障。目前我国草原退化面积大、分布广，加快开展退化草地修复已成为生态治理的重要任务之一。通过文献资料查询，对我国退化草地的基本现状及研究基础进行了简单介绍，着重分析了现有的主要自然修复措施和人工干预修复措施，分析结果显示：围栏封育、轮牧、休牧、禁牧等自然修复措施对退化草地修复有着重要的意义，适用于各类型的草地，是退化草地植被和土壤恢复的有效措施，但不同类型不同退化程度的草地围封、禁牧后应视恢复状况进行合理利用;免耕补播、施肥、浅耕翻、划破草皮、切根等人工干预修复措施是中重度退化草地植被和土壤恢复的更重要更有效的措施，但修复应用时需根据不同的草地类型、不同的自然条件等情况，因地制宜地选择使用。最后对当前退化草地修复和修复后利用研究进行了思考和展望，期望能为退化草地生态系统恢复与治理提供借鉴。关键词退化草地;修复;技术措施S812.6A0517-6611（2020）07-0030-05doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2020.07.009ResearchProgressonRestorationTechnologyofDegradedGrasslandinChinaYANXiaohong1，2，YIFengyan1，2，XINGQi3etal（1.InnerMongoliaAcademyofAgriculturalandAnimalHusbandrySciences，Hohhot，InnerMongolia010031;2.InnerMongoliaPratacultureResearchCenter，ChineseAcademyofSciences，Hohhot，InnerMongolia010031;3.InnerMongoliaMongolianGrassEcologicalEnviroment（Group）LimitedbyShareLtd.，Hohhot，InnerMongolia010010）AbstractGrasslandisanimportantmaterialbasisforlivingandproductioninpastoralareasandanimportantguaranteeforecologicalsecurity.However，atpresent，thegrasslanddegradationareainChinaislargeandwidelydistributed，andacceleratingtherestorationofdegradedgrasslandhasbecomeoneoftheimportanttasksofecologicalmanagement.ThispaperbrieflyintroducedthebasicstatusandresearchbasisofdegradedgrasslandinChinathroughliteraturesearch，andmainlyanalyzednaturalrestorationmeasuresandmanualinterventionandrestorationmeasures.Theresultsshowedthatnaturalrestorationmeasuressuchasfenceenclosure，rotationalgrazing，restgrazing，andgrazingprohibitionhadimportantsignificancefortherestorationofdegradedgrassland.Theywereapplicabletoalltypesofgrasslandandwereeffectivemeasuresforvegetationrestorationandsoilrestorationindegradedgrassland，butdifferenttypesweredegraded.Degradedgrasslandofdifferenttypesanddifferentdegrees，afterenclosureandgrazingprohibition，reasonableuseshouldbemadeaccordingtotherecoverysituation.Manualinterventionandremediationmeasuressuchasnotillagereplenishment，fertilization，shallowtillage，turfcutting，androotcuttingweremoreimportantandeffectivemeasuresforvegetationrestorationandsoilrestorationinmoderatelyandseverelydegradedgrasslands，buttherepairapplicationshouldbebasedondifferentgrasslandtypes，differentnaturalconditions，etc.，shouldbeselectedaccordingtolocalconditions.Attheendofthispaper，thecurrentresearchontherestorationandutilizationofdegradedgrasslandwasconsideredandprospected，anditwasexpectedtoprovidereferencefortherestorationandtreatmentofdegradedgrasslandecosystem.KeywordsDegradedgrassland;Restoration;Technicalmeasures基金项目国家重点研发计划“北方农牧交错带草地退化机理及生态修复技术集成示范（阴山北麓农牧交错区风蚀草地治理技术与示范）”（2016YFC0500705）;内蒙古自治区博士基金项目“直立型扁蓿豆四倍体的诱导研究”（2019BS03032）;内蒙古自治区科技重大专项子课题“栽培牧草区域适应性研究及内蒙古人工草地潜力分析”。作者简介闫晓红（1986—），女，内蒙古锡林郭勒盟正镶白旗人，畜牧师，硕士，从事牧草遗传育种研究。通信作者，伊风艳，副研究员，博士，从事牧草遗传育种研究;孙海莲，研究员，博士，从事旱生牧草选育与生态修复研究。-全文完-