语法复习：虚拟语气和倒装句知识总结与归纳：虚拟语气：是一种与事实（包括过去，现在或将来）完全相反的陈述，表示假设，愿望，怀疑，推测或后悔。虚拟语气主要用于条件从句，让步从句和名词性从句。虚拟语气句型中常见的动词形式：1.动词过去式2.haddone3.would/could/should/mightdo4.would/could/should/mighthavedone5.were（一）虚拟语气用在与过去事实相反的假设的条件句中：表示假设，后悔或推测。句型结构：If+主语+hadbeen/done….，主语+should/could/might/would+havedone….1.Iftheillnesshadbeendiagnosedadayearlier,itmighthavemadealldifferent.2.Ifshehadtoldhimaboutthedanger,hewouldnothavegothurt.3.IfIhadknownmoreaboutgivingfirstaid,Icouldhavehelpedhim.（二）虚拟语气用在与现在事实相反的假设的条件句中：句型结构：If+主语+were/动词过去式，主语+should/could/might/would+do1.IfIhadHIV,IwouldknowbecauseIwouldfeelsick.2.IfIwereyou,IwouldgiveanAIDSpatientahug.3.虚拟语气用在与将来的结果相反的假设的条件句中：句型结构：If+主语+weretodo,主语+should/could/might/would+doIf+主语+shoulddoIf+主语+动词过去式（1）Ifweweretopanic,wewouldnotbeabletohelp.（2）Ifthelittlegirlshouldtakepianolessons,shewouldhavelessfreetime.（3）IfIweretolivelongenoughtohaveajob,Iwouldchoosetobeadoctor,helpingtheseAIDSpatients.注意：虚拟条件句的从句中如果有助动词were;had或should可以去掉if以后用倒装句语序。例句：①HadInothelpedhim,hewouldhavefailedinbusiness.②ShouldIbefree,Iwouldcome.③Wereshemydaughter,Icouldsuggestadifferentplan.注意：有时候，主，从句所描述的时间范围不一致，则根据具体语境调整动词的形式。例句：①Ifhehadcaughtthetrain,hewouldbeherebynow.YouwouldspeakEnglishwellenough,ifyouhadpracticedeveryday.②（四）虚拟语气在其他句型中的使用：1.用在与without,butfor,but,otherwise短语连用的句型中：例句：Theshipwouldhavesunkwithallonboardbutforeffortsofthecaptain.Therescuearrivedintime,otherwiseTheywouldhavebeenfrozentodeath.2.用在It’stime句型中：It’stimethat主语+动词过去式……It’stimethatIwenttoschoolandpickedupmydaughter.3.在句型…asif/though+主语+动词过去式/were/haddone……例句：HelookedatmeasifIweremad.“Iwishpeoplewouldfindoutthefacts,”shesays,“andnotactasifIwereabadordangerousperson.”Itlooksasifit’sgoingtorain.4.用在Ifonly句型中：表示：要是……该多好啊！（1）Ifonlyyouhadn’ttoldJackiewhatIsaid,everythingwouldhavebeenallright.（2）Ifonlyyouwouldlistentoreason.5.与“命令，建议，要求,有必要/重要”有关的名词性从句中的谓语动词结构：（1）主动结构：shoulddo（2）被动结构：shouldbedone；（should可以省略）①Isuggestthatheshouldcomeanotherday.②Thesuggestionthatthestudentsshouldlearnsomethingpracticalisworthconsidering.IthoughitnecessarythatIshouldstayintheroomtillhecameback.③（五）情态动词（should/oughtto;could;needn’t;wouldliketo等）+havedone：表示“本来应该/能够/没必要/很愿意”1.Youcouldhavetoldusearlier.2.Ioughttohaveboughtthatdictionarylastweek.3.Yououghtnottohavespentsomuchtimeinreadingnovels.4.Weneednothavebeeninahurrytocatchthetrain.倒装句：倒装句是英语中常见的语法现象，他的使用一是出于语法结构的需要，再就是为了强调句中的某一部分。（1）当否定副词never;hardly;seldom;nor;neither;little;few;not;notonly在句首，后面接助动词/be+主语……的倒装语序。NeverhaveIrealizedthatwaterissoprecious.Seldomhaveweseensuchbigmelons.（2）Only+介词短语/状语从句，后面接助动词/be+主语……的倒装语序。Onlybychangingthewaywelivecanwesavetheearth.（3）Notuntil+时间状语（从句）后面接助动词/be+主语……的倒装语序。Notuntilweknowmorewillwebeabletoimprovethesitu...