Unit1Helpingthoseinneed知识点和语法1.必记单词（1）raiseV.rise（2）permissionn.（3）disabledadj.在英语中，形容词的否定前缀有：“un-,in-,im-,ir-,dis-”等大多数形容词加un-构成反义词able----unablefriendly----unfriendly以c或e开头的形容词通常加前缀in-构成反义词correct----incorrectexpensive----inexpensive以p开头的形容词通常加前缀im-构成反义词possible----impossiblepolite----impolite以r开头的形容词通常加前缀ir-构成反义词regular----irregular有些形容词加前缀dis-构成反义词like----dislikehonest----dishonest（4）offerv.（5）seriousadj.严重的（6）organizev.____________________n.（7）lonelyadj.孤独的，寂寞党aloneadj./adv.单独的，独自（8）difficultyn.困难，费劲_____________adj.（9）hurtv.使受伤，疼痛adj.受伤的（10）payv.付费2.常考短语inneed需要帮助的voluntarywork义务性工作askpermission报请批准withoutpermission没有允许offertodosth主动提出做某事offersb.sth=offersthtosb给某人提供某物raiseone’sspirits使振奋，使鼓起勇气inorderto目的在于，为了sothat为的是，以便makefriendswith与······交朋友lookafter照顾becauseof因为3.经典句型Couldyougivemeahand,Lo?Theyhavedifficultywalkingormoving.Wouldyouliketotakepartinthecompetition?语法：动词不定式：to+动词原形动词不定式的基本形式是"to+动词原形"。动词不定式（或不定式短语）没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语。动词不定式仍可保留动词的特点，即可以有自己的宾语和状语。动词不定式同它的宾语或状语构成不定式短语。如：toreadthenewspaper,tospeakatthemeeting等动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此在句子中可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语：例句:作主语:Tolearnaforeignlanguageisnoteasy.作表语：Myworkistocleantheroomeveryday.作宾语:Shewantedtoborrowedmyradio.Theybegantoreadandwrite.作状语:ShewenttoseehergrandmalastSunday.Hecametogiveusatalkyesterday.作宾语补足语:Lucyaskedhimtoturnofftheradio.SheaskedmetospeakmoreloudlyJimtoldLingFengtogohomeatonce.Thefathermadehissonstudyhard.作定语:Haveyougotanythingtosay?Ihadsomethingtoeatthismorning.注：作主语用的动词不定式常常为it替代，动词不定式（或短语）放在后面。例如：Itisnoteasytolearnaforeignlanguage.Ittookusthreedaystodothework.动词不定式的否定形式由"not+动词不定式"构成.如:Tellhimnottobelate.Thepolicemantoldtheboysnottoplayinthestreet.不定式省去to的情况:在感官动词see，watch，lookat，hear，listento，feel和使役动词make，have，let等所接的宾语中（不定式做宾语补足语），不定式应省去to。但是在被动语态中不能省。如：Letmelistentoyousingthesong.Hewatchedhissonplaycomputergames.Isawhimrunaway.------Hewasseentorunaway.Thebossmaketheworkersworkthewholenight.----Theworkersweremadetoworkthewholenight.动词不定式和疑问词连用动词不定式可以和疑问词what,which,how,where,when等连用，构成不定式短语。如：Thequestioniswhentostart.Idon'tknowwheretogo.Heshowedmehowtouseacomputer.Whattodoisabigproblem.翻译下列句子，说出句中不定式的作用：1.Togrowplantsisveryimportant.2.Itissonicetohearyourvoice.3.Mydreamistobeapilot.4.Hebegantoreadandwriteattheageoffive.5.Theteacheraskedmetospeakmoreloudly.6.Tomcametoseemelastnight.7.Iamgladtoseeyou.8.Haveyougotanythingtosay?9.TherearemanyplacestoseeinChina.10.Iaskedhimnottoopenthewindow.一、完形填空Doyouthinkofyourparents?“Yes,ofcourse,”youmayanswer,“Ibuyapresentformymotheron__1___.AndIgivemyfatherapresentonFather’sDay,___2___.”Thenwhatabouttheotherdaysofayear?Always___3___tothinkofyourparents,notjustonsomeimportantdays.Ihaveafriendwho__4___alone,becauseherparentsliveinanothercity.OnedayIw...