[经典]血管内超声在冠状动脉临界病变治疗中的指导作用血管内超声在冠状动脉临界病变治疗中的指导作用[摘要]目的探讨血管内超声(IVUS)对冠状动脉造影(CAG)临界病变治疗的指导意义。方法对经选择性CAG提示冠状动脉临界病变的150例150处病变进行IVUS检查,分析动脉粥样硬化斑块类型、性质及其狭窄程度。结果150处病变中,软斑块98例(65.3%),硬斑块33例(22.0%);偏心斑块85例(56.7%),向心斑块46例(30.7%);4例检测结果正常。斑块面积平均狭窄率为(59.4±10.7)%o对IVUS示斑块面积狭窄大于70%的62例、小于70%的16例但有典型临床症状者,以及15例有斑块破裂或夹层者行进一步介入治疗。4例患者在IVUS检查过程中出现冠状动脉痉挛现象,经处理后不良反应立即消失。所有患者随访6个月以上,未出现严重心脏缺血事件。结论IVUS能进一步明确冠状动脉临界病变的性质和狭窄程度并能指导临床治疗,安全性高。❷[关键词]血管内超声;临界病变;冠状动脉造影术❷[中图分类号]R541.4[文献标识码]A[文章编号]1671-7562(2009)04-0284-04Roleofintravascularultrasoundindeterminingthetreatmentstrategyfor❷intermediatecoronarystenosisZHANGXiao-guo,CHENJi-yuan,TANGCheng-chun,DINGJian-dong,SHENCheng-xing,DAIQi-ming,❷CHENZhong,LUODan,TONGJia-yi,WANGRen-min,WANGHui-ping,FENGYi,MAGen-shan(DepartmentofCardiology,ZhongdaHospital,SoutheastUniversity,Nanjing210009,China)Abstract:ObjectiveToevaluatetheroleofintravascularultrasound(IVUS)indeterminingthetreatmentstrategyforintermediatecoronarystenosis・MethodsIVUSwasperformedin150patienlswhohadlesionsofintermediateseverity(40%~70%diameterstenosis)incoronaryangiography(CAG)・Thecharacteristicsoftheatheroscleroticplaqueswereanalyzedandseverityofstenosiswasevaluated.ResultsInall150patients,therewere98(65.3%)whohadsoftplaqueinthelesion.Therewere85(56.7%)whohadeccentricplaqueand❷46(30.7%)concentricplaqueinthelesions.Normalfindingwasmadein4patients・Theaverageofpercentareastenosiswas(59.4±10.7)%inthelesion.Percutaneouscoronaryinterventionwasperformedin62patientswhohadlesionswithpercentareastenosis>70%,16patientswithpercenlareastenosis<70%,butwithtypicalclinicalsymptom,and15patientswhohadrupturedplaqueorhadcoronarydissection.Transientcoronaryspasmwasfoundinonly4patientsduringtheprocedureofIVUS,anddisappearedshortlyaftercoronaryinfusionofnitroglycerin.Therewasnoischemiccardiaceventsoccurredinallpatientsoverthe6monthsoffollowup.ConclusionsAprecisecharacterisationofthecompositionofatheroscleroticplaquesandmeasurementofstenosiscanbemadeinpatientswithangiographicevidenceofnonsignificantcoronarylesionswiththeuseofIVUS.Thisaccurateandreproducibleimagingmodalitycanbeusedsafelyindeterminingthetherapeuticstrategyforthepatientswithintermediatecoronarystenosis・❷Keywords:intravascularultrasound;intermediatecoronarystenosis;coronaryangiography^(ModernMedicalJournal,2009,37:284-287)尅状动脉临界病变是指冠状动脉造影(CAG)中血管直径狭窄为40%〜70%的病变,临界病变的定义及介入治疗指征一宜是颇有争议的问题。由于CAG只能估算管腔的相对狭窄程度,易受投射角度及参考段血管的影响,有可能低估狭窄程度,但无法正确判断病变性质,因此在某些情况下无法对临界病变的处理作出止确的指导。对于此类临界病变大多采用药物保守治疗。随着血管内超声(intravascularultrasound,IVUS)的出现,通过IVUS可实时显示冠脉血管管腔、管壁成像、动脉粥样硬化斑块的大小、组成成分及分布情况,并精确测量狭窄程度,为冠脉临界病变的治疗提供重要指导作用。目前开展的IVUS评价此类病变的重要性越來越受到临床重视,木研究旨在探讨IVUS在冠状动脉临界病变处理中的应用价值。❷1对象与方法❷1.1研究对象❷2006年1月至2008年7月在我院...